超深裂缝性碎屑岩储层天然裂缝激活研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2021.02.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对塔里木油田白垩系巴什基奇克组超深裂缝性碎屑岩储层天然裂缝激活方法不明确的问题,根据摩尔-库伦破坏准则,对研究区储层天然裂缝发生剪切激活和张性激活条件进行分析,模拟测试了水力压裂和酸化压裂中的裂缝导流能力。研究结果显示:水力压裂中存在相互错动的裂缝导流能力是无错动裂缝的100~1 000倍,无错动裂缝加砂后导流能力超过1 000倍,缝网压裂过程中天然裂缝剪切滑移也会实现增产改造效果,加砂对无错动裂缝改造效果具有重要影响;在加砂条件下,裂缝是否存在错动对导流能力无本质影响。缝网酸化压裂中充填性天然裂缝在较低闭合应力下(小于20 MPa)酸岩反应时间对导流能力影响不大,在较高闭合应力下,酸岩反应时间越长,充填物溶蚀量越大,导流能力保持程度越高;充填性天然裂缝可以通过酸蚀获得有效导流能力,而非充填性天然裂缝不能通过酸蚀获得有效导流能力。研究成果为库车山前超深储层缝网改造提供了技术支持。

关键词: 裂缝性碎屑岩储层, 天然裂缝, 水力压裂, 酸化压裂, 导流能力, 塔里木油田

Abstract: In view of the lack of specific method of activating natural fractures in the ultra-deep fractured clastic reservoir in Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Tarim Oilfield, the natural fractures of the reservoir in the study area was analyzed for conditions of realizing shear-based activation and tension-based activation according to the Moore-Coulomb failure criterion, and the fracture conductivity in hydraulic fracturing and acid fracturing was simulated and tested. The results of the study show that the conductivity of fractures with mutual dislocation in hydraulic fracturing was 100 to 1 000 times that of fractures without mutual dislocation, the conductivity of fractures without mutual dislocation was increased by more than 1 000 times after sand addition and the shear slip of natural fractures in fracture network fracturing could also achieve stimulation effects, so sand addition had an important influence on the stimulation effect of fractures without mutual dislocation; moreover,if sand was added, whether fracture with mutual dislocation had no essential effect on the conductivity. In fracture network acid fracturing, the filled natural fractures were under a lower closure stress (less than 20 MPa), the acid-rock reaction time had little effect on the conductivity; under higher closure stress, the longer the acid-rock reaction time, the greater the dissolution degree of fillings and the higher the retention degree of conductivity. Effective conductivity could be obtained by filled natural fractures through acid erosion, but did not obtained by non-filled natural fractures through acid erosion. The study results provide technical support for the stimulation of fracture networks in the ultra-deep reservoir in the Kuqa Piedmont.

Key words: fractured clastic reservoir, natural fracture, hydraulic fracturing, acid fracturing, conductivity, Tarim Oilfield

中图分类号:

TE312

张辉. 超深裂缝性碎屑岩储层天然裂缝激活研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2021, 28(2): 133-138.

Zhang Hui. Study on the Activation of Natural Fractures in Ultra-deep Fractured Clastic Reservoirs[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2021, 28(2): 133-138.

参考文献

[1] 江同文,滕学清,杨向同.塔里木盆地克深8超深超高压裂缝性致密砂岩气藏快速、高效建产配套技术[J].天然气工业,2016,36(10):1-9.
JIANG Tongwen,TENG Xueqing,YANG Xiangtong.Integrated techniques for rapid and highly-efficient development and production of ultra-deep tight sand gas reservoirs of Keshen 8 Block in the Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(10):1-9.
[2] WARPINSKI N R,TEUFEL L W. Influence of geologic discontinuities on hydraulic fracture propagation[J].SPE13224,1987:209-220.
[3] DANESHY A A.Hydraulic fracture propagation in the presence of planes of weakness[C].SPE4852, 1974: 1-8.
[4] BLANTON T I.Propagation of hydraulically and dynamically induced fractures in naturally fractured reservoirs[C].SPE15261,1986:1-15.
[5] 杨战伟,胥云,程兴生,等.水力喷射酸压技术在轮南碳酸盐岩水平井中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2012,35(1):49-51.
YANG Zhanwei,XU Yun,CHENG Xingsheng, et al.Research and application of hydraulic jetting and acid fracturing technology in horizontal well of Lunnan carbonate formation[J].Drilling & Production Technology, 2012, 35 (1): 49-51.
[6] 郭建春,苟波,王坤杰,等.川西下二叠统超深气井网络裂缝酸化优化设计[J].天然气工业,2017,37(6):34-41.
GUO Jianchun,GOU Bo,WANG Kunjie,et al.An optimal design of network-fracture acidification for ultra-deep gas wells in the Lower Permian strata of the western Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(6):34-41.
[7] 董丙响,杨柳,李伟,等.水平井压裂裂缝起裂及延伸规律模拟实验研究[J].特种油气藏,2019,26(6):151-157.
DONG Bingxiang, YANG Liu, LI Wei, et al.Physical simulation of fracture initiation and propagation in horizontal well fracturing[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2019, 26 (6): 151-157.
[8] 于友,魏建光,李江涛.基于细观数值实验的水平井多裂纹间距确定[J].钻采工艺,2020,43(2):45-48.
YU You,WEI Jianguang,LI Jiangtao.Study of the multiple hydraulic fractures spacing in horizontal well for heterogeneity rock based on meso-numerical experiment[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2020,43(2):45-48.
[9] 雷群,胥云,蒋廷学,等.用于提高低—特低渗透油气藏改造效果的缝网压裂技术[J].石油学报, 2009, 30(2):237-241.
LEI Qun,XU Yun,JIANG Tingxue,et al. Fracture-network fracturing technique for improving post-fracturing performance of low and ultra-low permeability reservoirs [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(2):237-241.
[10] 熊俊雅,杨兆中,杨磊,等.压裂填砂裂缝导流能力室内研究进展与展望[J].特种油气藏,2020,27(3):1-7.
XIONG Junya,YANG Zhaozhong,YANG Lei,et al.Laboratory progress and prospect of sand-packed fracture conductivity in fracturing[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2020, 27 (3): 1-7.
[11] 张勇,王志晨,甘宇明,等.高应力差裂缝储层缝网压裂技术可行性研究及应用[J].钻采工艺,2019,42(4):50-54.
ZHANG Yong, WANG Zhichen, GAN Yuming,et al.Feasibility study of network fracturing for high differential stress fractured reservoir and application[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2019,42(4):50-54.
[12] 仲冠宇,王瑞和,周卫东,等.人工裂缝逼近条件下天然裂缝破坏特征分析[J].岩土力学,2016,37(1):247-255.
ZHONG Guanyu,WANG Ruihe,ZHOU WeiDong,et al.Failure characteristics of natural fracture in the vicinity of hydrofractures[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(1): 247-255.
[13] 程万,金衍,陈勉,等.三维空间中水力裂缝穿透天然裂缝的判别准则[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(3):2-10.
CHENG Wan,JIN Yan,CHEN Mian,et al.A criterion for identifying hydraulic fractures crossing natural fractures in 3D space[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2014,41(3):2-10.
[14] LHOMME T P,DE PATER C J,HELFFERICH P H.Experimental study of hydraulic fracture initiation in Colton sandstone[C].SPE78187,2002:20-23.
[15] CIPOLLA C L,WARPINSKI N R,MAYERHOFER M J,et al.The relationship between fracture complexity,reservoir properties,and fracture treatment design[C].SPE115769,2008:438-452.
[16] 李世愚,和泰名,尹祥础,等.岩石断裂力学导论[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2010:45-46.
LI Shiyu,HE Taiming,YIN Xiangchu,et al.Introduction to rock fracture mechanics[M].Hefei:China University of Science and Technology Press,2010:45-46.
[17] 胥云,陈铭,吴奇,等.水平井体积改造应力干扰计算模型及其应用[J].石油勘探与开发, 2016, 43(5):780-786.
XU Yun,CHEN Ming,WU Qi,et al.Stress interference calculation model and its application in volume stimulation of horizontal wells[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2016, 43(5): 780-786.
[18] 严永新,张永华,陈祥,等.微地震技术在裂缝监测中的应用研究[J].地学前缘,2013, 20(3): 270-276.
YAN Yongxin,ZHANG Yonghua,CHEN Xiang,et al.The application of micro-seismic technology in fracture monitoring[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2013,20(3): 270-276.