Current state and prospects of fracturing-flowback-based data-driven fracture network diagnostic technology for tight reservoirs

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.01.001

Abstract

Abstract: Fracture network diagnosis of tight reservoirs is an important aspect of evaluating fracturing effect.The diagnostic results can not only serve to assess the fracture network transformation,but also provide a theoretical basis for optimizing subsequent fracturing designs.In light of the current insufficient utilization of fracturing-flowback data in tight reservoir fracture network diagnostics,a comprehensive review and analysis of the current situation in fracturing-flowback-based data-driven fracture network diagnostic technology for tight reservoirs was conducted.Key existing issues in tight reservoir fracture network diagnostics were discussed,and the focus areas for future development of data-driven fracture network diagnostic technologies using fracturing and flowback data were identified.The study shows that current tight reservoir fracture network diagnostic techniques exhibit lag effects,non-uniform fracture closure effects,and inter-well interference effects in closely spaced volume-fractured wells.It is necessary to establish a full-cycle(fracturing-shut-in-flowback)fracture network diagnostic method,develop diagnostic techniques based on pressure decline curves during shut-in,and advance fracture network diagnostic techniques under inter-well interference conditions.The results of this study provide new ideas and technical support for the development of fracturing-flowback-based data-driven fracture network diagnostic technology in tight reservoirs.

Key words: fracturing, flowback, fracture network diagnostics, data-driven, tight reservoir

CLC Number:

TE327

ZHANG Yanjun, XU Hao, CAI Wenbin, ZHOU Desheng, WANG Luyu, LIU Jianbin. Current state and prospects of fracturing-flowback-based data-driven fracture network diagnostic technology for tight reservoirs[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2026, 33(1): 1-10.

References

[1] 赵金洲,付永强,王振华,等.页岩气水平井缝网压裂施工压力曲线的诊断识别方法[J].天然气工业,2022,42(2):11-19.
ZHAO Jinzhou,FU Yongqiang,WANG Zhenhua,et al.Study on diagnosis model of shale gas fracture network fracturing operation pressure curves[J].Natural Gas Industry,2022,42(2):11-19.
[2] 胥云,雷群,陈铭,等.体积改造技术理论研究进展与发展方向[J].石油勘探与开发,2018,45(5):874-887.
XU Yun,LEI Qun,CHEN Ming,et al.Progress and development of volume stimulation techniques[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018,45(5):874-887.
[3] HOUSE L,PHILLIPS W S,FEHLER M,et al.Using waveforms of induced microearthquakes to image hydraulic fracture systems[C].SEG-1997-0234,1997:234-237.
[4] 杜金玲,林鹤,纪拥军,等.地震与微地震融合技术在页岩油压后评估中的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2021,33(2):127-134.
DU Jinling,LIN He,JI Yongjun,et al.Application of seismic and microseismic data fusion technology in post-fracturing evaluation of shale oil reservoir[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2021,33(2):127-134.
[5] 王文军,张士诚.水平井压裂裂缝形态定量解释新方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(4):103-107.
WANG Wenjun,ZHANG Shicheng.New quantitative interpreting method of the fracture morphologies for fractured horizontal well[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(4):103-107.
[6] 孟晋,刘得军,翟颖,等.基于电磁方法的水力压裂裂缝探测技术研究进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2023,58(6):1508-1521.
MENG Jin,LIU Dejun,ZHAI Ying,et al.Research progress on fracture detection technology of hydraulic fracturing based on electromagnetic methods[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2023,58(6):1508-1521.
[7] 周健,张保平,李克智,等.基于地面测斜仪的“井工厂”压裂裂缝监测技术[J].石油钻探技术,2015,43(3):71-75.
ZHOU Jian,ZHANG Baoping,LI Kezhi,et al.Fracture monitoring technology based on surface tiltmeter in "well factory" fracturing[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2015,43(3):71-75.
[8] 闫鑫,胡天跃,何怡原.地表测斜仪在监测复杂水力裂缝中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(3):480-486,415.
YAN Xin,HU Tianyue,HE Yiyuan.Application of surface tiltmeter in monitoring complicated hydraulic fractures[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(3 ): 480-486,415.
[9] 桑宇,隋微波,曾波,等.深层天然裂缝性页岩储层水力压裂光纤监测远场应变分析[J].天然气工业,2024,44(5):56-67.
SANG Yu,SUI Weibo,ZENG Bo,et al.Far-field strain analysis for fiber optic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in a deep naturally fractured shale reservoir[J].Natural Gas Industry,2024, 44(5): 56-67.
[10] AL-JAHDHAMI A R,CHAVEZ J C,AL-FARSI S A A.Fiber optic deployed behind cemented casing in a vertical deep tight gas well used to enhance hydraulic fracturing,monitoring and diagnostics[C].SPE207614,2021:1-10.
[11] 张遂安,刘欣佳,温庆志,等.煤层气增产改造技术发展现状与趋势[J].石油学报,2021,42(1):105-118.
ZHANG Suian,LIU Xinjia,WEN Qingzhi,et al.Development situation and trend of stimulation and refor ming technology of coalbed methane[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2021,42(1):105-118.
[12] XU Y M,DEHGHANPOUR H,EZULIKE O,et al.Effectiveness and time variation of induced fracture volume:lessons from water flowback analysis[J].Fuel,2017,210:844-858.
[13] XU Y M,ADEFIDIPE O A,DEHGHANPOUR H.Estimating fracture volume using flowback data from the Horn River Basin:a material balance approach[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2015,25:253-270.
[14] 翁定为,江昀,易新斌,等.基于页岩气井返排特征的闷井时间优化方法[J].石油钻探技术,2023,51(5):49-57.
WENG Dingwei,JIANG Yun,YI Xinbin,et al.Optimization of shut-in time in shale gas wells based on the characteristics of fracturing flowback[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2023,51(5):49-57.
[15] ZHANG Y J,ZOU Y,ZHANG Y,et al.Experimental study on characteristics and mechanisms of matrix pressure transmission near the fracture surface during post-fracturing shut-in in tight oil reservoirs[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2022,219:111133.
[16] 张衍君,徐树参,刘娅菲,等.吉木萨尔页岩油压裂开发压后闷井时间优化[J].新疆石油天然气,2023,19(1):1-7.
ZHANG Yanjun,XU Shucan,LIU Yafei.et al.Optimization of well shut-in time after fracturing in Jimsar shale oil reservoirs[J].Xinjiang Oil & Gas,2023,19(1):1-7.
[17] 李林凯,姜汉桥,李俊键,等.基于示踪剂返排的致密油压裂缝网评价方法[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(5):102-106.
LI Linkai,JIANG Hanqiao,LI Junjian,et al.Techniques for assessments of hydraulic fracture network in tight oil reservoirs based on tracer discharging[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(5):102-106.
[18] 景成,蒲春生,谷潇雨,等.裂缝性特低渗油藏井间化学示踪监测分类解释模型[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(2):226-231.
JING Cheng,PU Chunsheng,GU Xiaoyu,et al.Classification and interpretation models of inter-well chemical tracer monitoring for fractured ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2016,38(2):226-231.
[19] 梁雪莉,刘海龙,承宁,等.微地震监测解释技术在非常规油气储层的研究与应用[J].新疆石油天然气,2021,17(3):53-58.
LIANG Xueli,LIU Hailong,CHENG Ning,et al.Study and application of microseismic monitoring and interpretation technology in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs[J].Xinjiang Oil & Gas,2021,17(3):53-58.
[20] 赵政嘉,顾玉洁,才博,等.示踪剂在分段体积压裂水平井产能评价中的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(4):92-95.
ZHAO Zhengjia,GU Yujie,CAI Bo,et al.Application of tracer in productivity evaluation for horizontal wells under segmented volume fracturing[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2015,37(4):92-95.
[21] 张衍君,邹易,董正亮,等.页岩油储层压裂井间干扰条件下受干扰井排采特征——以吉木萨尔页岩油储层为例[J].石油钻采工艺,2023,45(1):108-115.
ZHANG Yanjun,ZOU Yi,DONG Zhengliang,et al.Production characteristic of interfered well under inter-well fracturing interference in shale oil reservoir:a case study on Jimsar shale oil reservoir[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2023,45(1):108-115.
[22] 杨柳.压裂液在页岩储层中的吸收及其对工程的影响[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2018.
YANG Liu.Fracturing fluid imbibition into gas shale and its impact on engineering[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2018.
[23] 卞晓冰,蒋廷学,贾长贵,等.基于施工曲线的页岩气井压后评估新方法[J].天然气工业,2016,36(2):60-65.
BIAN Xiaobing,JIANG Tingxue,JIA Changgui,et al.A new post-fracturing evaluation method for shale gas wells based on fracturing curves[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(2):60-65.
[24] 朱昭颖,戴邓仅,鲁伍支,等.基于水击效应的水平井压裂裂缝数值诊断[J].计算物理,2023,40(6):735-741.
ZHU Zhaoying,DAI Dengjin,LU Wuzhi,et al.Numerical fracture diagnosis method for horizontal well fracturing based on water hammer[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2023,40(6):735-741.
[25] 赵文,张遂安,孙志宇,等.基于G函数曲线分析的压后裂缝复杂性评估研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(33):29-33.
ZHAO Wen,ZHANG Suian,SUN Zhiyu,et al.Evaluative research for the fracture complexity after fracturing based on the G-function curves analysis[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(33):29-33.
[26] 张衍君,王鲁瑀,刘娅菲,等.页岩油储层压裂-提采一体化研究进展与面临的挑战[J].石油钻探技术,2024,52(1):84-95.
ZHANG Yanjun,WANG Luyu,LIU Yafei,et al.Advances and challenges of integration of fracturing and enhanced oil recovery in shale oil reservoirs[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2024,52(1):84-95.
[27] 王泽中.页岩气压裂返排液特征分析及压裂效果评价研究[D].重庆:重庆科技学院,2023.
WANG Zezhong.Characteristics analysis of fracturing flowback fluid and evaluation of fracturing effect in shale gas well[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University of Science and Technology,2023.
[28] 姚志远.利用施工压力曲线评价压裂缝网的复杂度[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2020.
YAO Zhiyuan.The evaluation of hydraulic fracturing fractures complexity by using fracturing pressure curve[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2020.
[29] 蒋廷学.压裂施工中井底压力的计算方法及其应用[J].天然气工业,1997,17(5):90-92.
JIANG Tingxue.Calculation methods of well-bottom pressure in fracturing operation and application[J].Natural Gas Industry,1997,17(5):90-92.
[30] 高超,艾昆,高辉,等.基于施工压力曲线的综合滤失系数测试方法及压裂参数优化[J].油气井测试,2018,27(1):8-13.
GAO Chao,AI Kun,GAO Hui,et al.Test method of total leak-off coefficient and optimization of fracturing parameters based on operation pressure curves[J].Well Testing,2018,27(1):8-13.
[31] BIAN X B,JIANG T X,JIA C G,et al.A new post-frac evaluation method for shale gas wells based on fracturing curves[J].Natural Gas Industry B,2016,3(2):146-151.
[32] 刘庆.水平井体积压裂井底净压力计算及分析[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2019.
LIU Qing.Net pressure calculation and analysis of horizontal well volume fracturing[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2019.
[33] HOLZHAUSEN G R,GOOCH R P.Impedance of hydraulic fractures:its measurement and use for estimating fracture closure pressure and dimensions[C].SPE13892,1985:411-417.
[34] CAREY M A,MONDAL S,SHARMA M M.Analysis of water hammer signatures for fracture diagnostics[C].SPE174866,2015:1-25.
[35] CAREY M A,MONDAL S,SHARMA M M,et al.Correlating water hammer signatures with production log and microseismic data in fractured horizontal wells[C].SPE179108,2016:1-15.
[36] DUNG N,DAVID C,TOM D,et al.Practical applications of water hammer analysis from hydraulic fracturing treatments[C].SPE204154,2021:1-47.
[37] 温杰雄,田伟,毕全福,等.基于数字滤波的压裂停泵数据反演方法[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2018,48(5):392-399.
WEN Jiexiong,TIAN Wei,BI Quanfu,et al.A new data inversion analysis method based on digital filtered pump-stop data of hydraulic fracturing[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology of China,2018,48(5):392- 399.
[38] 罗英浩.压裂停泵水击压力波衰减特征与裂缝形态智能评估方法[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2023.
LUO Yinghao.Decay characteristics of water hammer pressure wave and intelligent evaluation method of fracture morphology in fracturing pump-stopping[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2023.
[39] NOLTE K G,MANIERE J L,OWENS K A.After-closure analysis of fracture calibration tests[C].SPE38676,1997:333-348.
[40] SYFAN F E,NEWMAN S C,MEYER B R,et al.Case history:G-function analysis proves beneficial in barnett shale application[C].SPE110091,2007:1-10.
[41] 敬季昀,兰夕堂,邹剑,等.裂缝型储层复杂人工裂缝压后定量诊断方法研究[J].中国海上油气,2023,35(5):185-192.
JING Jiyun,LAN Xitang,ZOU Jian,et al.Research of quantitative diagnosis of complex hydraulic fractures for fractured reservoirs[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2023,35(5):185-192.
[42] 肖阳,刘守昱,何永志,等.致密砂岩裂缝性气藏缝网压裂裂缝复杂程度评价方法[J].特种油气藏,2022,29(2):157-163.
XIAO Yang,LIU Shouyu,HE Yongzhi.Evaluation method of fracture complexity of fracture network fracturing for tight sandstone fractured gas reservoir[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2022,29(2):157-163.
[43] 蒋廷学,卞晓冰,左罗,等.非常规油气藏体积压裂全生命周期地质工程一体化技术[J].油气藏评价与开发,2021,11(3):297-304.
JIANG Tingxue,BIAN Xiaobing,ZUO Luo,et al.Whole lifecycle geology-engineering integration of volumetric fracturing technology in unconventional reservoir[J].Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2021,11(3):297-304.
[44] SHARMA M M,MANCHANDA R.The role of induced un-propped(IU) fractures in unconventional oil and gas wells[C].SPE174946,2015:1-14.
[45] 马永生,蔡勋育,赵培荣,等.中国陆相页岩油地质特征与勘探实践[J].地质学报,2022,96(1):155-171.
MA Yongsheng,CAI Xunyu,ZHAO Peirong,et al.Geological characteristics and exploration practices of continental shale oil in China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,96(1):155-171.
[46] CRAFTON J W,GUNDERSON D.Stimulation flowback management:keeping a good completion good[C].SPE110851,2007:1-11.
[47] ABBASI M A,DEHGHANPOUR H,HAWKES R V.Flowback analysis for fracture characterization[C].SPE162661,2012:1-23.
[48] CLARKSON C R,WILLIAMS-KOVACS J D.A new method for modeling multi-phase flowback of multi-fractured horizontal tight oil wells to deter mine hydraulic fracture properties[C].SPE166214,2013:1-17.
[49] CLARKSON C R,JORDAN C L,ILK D,et al.Rate-transient analysis of 2-phase(gas+water) CBM wells[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2012,8:106-120.
[50] CLARKSON C R.Modeling 2-phase flowback of multi-fractured horizontal wells completed in shale[C].SPE162593,2012:1-20.
[51] WATTENBARGER R,ALKOUH A.New advances in shale reservoir analysis using flowback data[C].SPE165721,2013:1-16.
[52] 王妍妍,刘华,王卫红,等.基于返排产水数据的页岩气井压裂效果评价方法[J].油气地质与采收率,2019,26(4):125-131.
WANG Yanyan,LIU Hua,WANG Weihong,et al.Evaluation of shale gas well fracturing performance based on flowback water production data[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2019,26(4):125-131.
[53] 杨斌,游利军,康毅力,等.基于物质平衡的页岩气井压裂改造裂缝体积与面积计算[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(7):1059-1064.
YANG Bin,YOU Lijun,KANG Yili,et al.Estimation of fracture volume and its surface area on stimulated shale gas wells by material balance method[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2017,28(7):1059-1064.
[54] 张涛,李相方,杨立峰,等.关井时机对页岩气井返排率和产能的影响[J].天然气工业,2017,37(8):48-60.
ZHANG Tao,LI Xiangfang,YANG Lifeng,et al.Effects of shut-in ti ming on flowback rate and productivity of shale gas wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(8):48-60.
[55] ZHANG F Y,EMAMI-MEYBODI H.Analysis of early-time production data from multi-fractured shale gas wells by considering multiple transport mechanisms through nanopores[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2021,197:108092.
[56] ZHANG F Y,EMAMI-MEYBODI H.Fracture characterization during flowback with two-phase flow in tight and ultratight oil reservoirs[C].SPE201270,2020:1-18.
[57] 王益民,李继庆,万云强,等.基于返排数据计算页岩气井压裂有效体积的方法及应用[J].石油实验地质,2023,45(6):1215-1220.
WANG Yimin,LI Jiqing,WAN Yunqiang,et al.Method and application of estimating effective fracture volume using flowback data for shale gas wells[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2023,45(6):1215-1220.
[58] 才博,毕国强,何春明,等.人工裂缝复杂程度的压裂液返排表征方法及应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2017,39(1):20-24.
CAI Bo,BI Guoqiang,HE Chunming,et al.A characterization method on complexity degree of artificial fractures based on fracturing fluid flowback and its application[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2017,39(1):20-24.
[59] GHANBARI E,ABBASI M A,DEHGHANPOUR H,et al.Flowback volumetric and chemical analysis for evaluating load recovery and its impact on early-time production[C].SPE167165,2013:1-16.
[60] 周小金,张锦涛,苑术生,等.基于页岩气井压后返排液氯离子分析的压后效果评价[J].钻采工艺,2020,43(3):64-66.
ZHOU Xiaojin,ZHANG Jintao,YUAN Shusheng,et al.Evaluation of post-pressure effect based on chlorine ion analysis of back-flow fluid after fracturing in shale gas wells[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2020,43(3):64-66.
[61] 杨柳,冷润熙,常天全,等.页岩气储层渗吸与盐离子扩散相关关系[J].中国海上油气,2020,32(2):112-119.
YANG Liu,LENG Runxi,CHANG Tianquan,et al.Correlation between the imbibition and salt ion diffusion of shale gas reservoirs[J].China Off shore Oil and Gas,2020,32(2):112-119.
[62] 杨柳,石富坤,葛洪魁,等.页岩储层离子扩散特征及影响因素分析[J].科学技术与工程,2020,20(24):9864-9868.
YANG Liu,SHI Fukun,GE Hongkui,et al.Analysis of ion diffusion characteristics and influencing factors in shale reservoirs[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2020,20(24):9864-9868.
[63] 杨柳,葛洪魁,程远方,等.页岩储层压裂液渗吸-离子扩散及其影响因素[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(4):94-99.
YANG Liu,GE Hongkui,CHENG Yuanfang,et al.Investigation on fracturing fluid imbibition-ion diffusion and its influencing factors in shale reservoirs[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(4):94-99.
[64] ZOLFAGHARI A,HASSAN D,BEARINGER D.Fracture characterization using flowback salt-concentration transient[J].SPE Journal,2016,21(1):233-244.
[65] 张衍君,葛洪魁,徐田录,等.体积压裂裂缝前端粉砂分布规律试验研究[J].石油钻探技术,2021,49(3):105-110.
ZHANG Yanjun,GE Hongkui,XU Tianlu,et al.Experimental study on silt distribution law at the front end of fractures in volume fracturing[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2021,49(3):105-110.