超临界CO2压裂裂缝特征研究现状与展望

李小刚; 冉龙海; 杨兆中; 贺宇廷; 廖梓佳; 曹文艳

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2022.02.001

特种油气藏 >

2022 , Vol. 29 >Issue 2: 1 - 8

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2022.02.001

综述

超临界CO₂压裂裂缝特征研究现状与展望

李小刚 ,
冉龙海 ,
杨兆中 ,
贺宇廷 ,
廖梓佳 ,
曹文艳

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1.西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都 610500;
2.中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司,黑龙江大庆 163517

李小刚(1981—),男,教授,博士生导师,2003年毕业于西南石油学院石油工程专业,2009年毕业于西南石油大学油气田开发工程专业,获博士学位,现从事油气增产、采油气工程理论与技术研究工作。

收稿日期: 2021-05-06

修回日期: 2022-01-04

网络出版日期: 2023-01-10

基金资助

中国石油-西南石油大学创新联合体科技合作项目“昭通中浅层页岩气CO₂无水压裂及大数据远程智能控制技术”(2020-CX-020-204)

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Current Status and Prospect of Study on Supercritical CO₂ Fracturing Characteristics

Li Xiaogang ,
Ran Longhai ,
Yang Zhaozhong ,
He Yuting ,
Liao Zijia ,
Cao Wenyan

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1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploration, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China;
2. PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd., Daqing, Heilongjiang 163517, China

Received date: 2021-05-06

Revised date: 2022-01-04

Online published: 2023-01-10

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摘要

为加强对超临界CO₂压裂裂缝特征的认识,指导超临界CO₂压裂技术的发展,总结了前人对超临界CO₂起裂、扩展和导流能力特征的研究。结果表明:超临界CO₂压裂裂缝起裂压力比液态和清水压裂低,其主导原因是超临界CO₂的低黏度和高扩散性使孔隙压力增大起裂压力降低;超临界CO₂压裂裂缝扩展影响因素复杂,主要受CO₂相变、岩石弱面结构等因素主导,但具体机理尚不明确,还需研发实验装置和建立裂缝扩展三维模型进行更微观细致的研究;超临界CO₂压裂裂缝比清水压裂裂缝的粗糙度和迂曲度更大、裂缝缝长更长,但缝宽小,裂缝的有效性不足;超临界CO₂压裂可使天然裂缝和人工裂缝剪切错位,也可进入微裂缝孔隙,破坏岩石矿物胶结,导致岩石矿物脱落形成自支撑,自支撑裂缝提供了导流能力,但形成机理及维持方式还需进一步研究。该研究可为超临界CO₂压裂裂缝特征研究提供参考。

关键词： 超临界CO₂; 压裂; 裂缝特征; 自支撑导流能力

本文引用格式

李小刚 , 冉龙海 , 杨兆中 , 贺宇廷 , 廖梓佳 , 曹文艳 . 超临界CO₂压裂裂缝特征研究现状与展望[J]. 特种油气藏, 2022 , 29(2) : 1 -8 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2022.02.001

Abstract

Previous studies on the characteristics of supercritical CO₂ fracture initiation, propagation and conductivity were summarized in order to enhance the understanding of the fracture characteristics of supercritical CO₂ fracturing and guide the development of supercritical CO₂ fracturing technology. The results showed that the fracture initiation pressure in supercritical CO₂ fracturing was lower than that of both liquid and water fracturing, which was mainly caused by that the low viscosity and high diffusivity of supercritical CO₂ increased the pore pressure and reduced the fracture initiation pressure; the influencing factors of fracture propagation were complex, mainly dominated by CO₂ phase change, rock weak surface structure and the weak surface structure of the rock, but the specific mechanism was not yet clear, and it was necessary to develop experimental devices and establish a three-dimensional model of fracture propagation for more microscopic and detailed study; compared with water fracturing, the roughness, tortuosity and length of fractures in supercritical CO₂ fracturing were greater, but the fracture width was smaller and the fracture effectiveness was insufficient; in the supercritical CO₂ fracturing, natural and artificial fractures could be sheared in a staggered manner, and CO₂ could enter the micro-fractures and pores to destroy the cementation of rock and minerals, causing rock and minerals to fall off to generated unpropped fractures that were conductive, but a study was required for the formation mechanism and maintenance mode. This study provides a reference for the study of fracture characteristics of supercritical CO₂ fracturing.

Key words： supercritical CO₂; fracturing; fracture characteristics; conductivity of unpropped fracture

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