为解决深层页岩气开发中常规压裂液储层伤害大、携砂能力差、变黏工序复杂等技术难题,结合威远区块深层页岩储层特点及施工需求,研发了一种环保变黏压裂液体系,并进行了室内性能评价与现场应用。研究表明:该环保压裂液体系可以在30 s内完全溶解,压裂液可在黏度为2～150 mPa·s范围内实时调整;使用返排水配制的低黏压裂液与高黏压裂液减阻率均大于70%,线性胶压裂液减阻率大于65%;低黏压裂液与高黏压裂液储层损害率均小于15.00%,线性胶压裂液岩心损害率为15.47%;环保变黏压裂液生物毒性均为无毒;环保变黏压裂液携砂性能良好,较清水携砂性能最大提高65倍。在威远H21-5井的应用表明,环保变黏压裂液溶解速度快、减阻性能优异、携砂性能优良,可实时改变黏度以满足不同压裂工况,满足减阻携砂一体化压裂施工的技术需求,具有较好应用前景。
In order to solve the technical problems in deep shale gas development, such as great reservoir damage, poor proppant carrying and complicated variable-viscosity process of conventional fracturing fluid, an environmentally friendly variable-viscosity fracturing fluid system was developed, and laboratory performance evaluation and field application were carried out, taking into account the characteristics and construction requirements of deep shale reservoirs in Weiyuan Block. The study shows that the environmentally friendly fracturing fluid system was completely dissolved within 30 seconds, and the fracturing fluid viscosity was adjusted in real time within the range of 2 to 150 mPa·s. The drag reduction rate of low/high viscosity fracturing fluid prepared with flowback water was more than 70%, and the drag reduction rate of linear-gel fracturing fluid wais more than 65%. The reservoir damage rate of low/high viscosity fracturing fluid was less than 15.00%, and the core damage rate of linear-gel fracturing fluid was 15.47%. The environmentally friendly variable-viscosity fracturing fluid was biologically non-toxic and high in proppant-carrying performance, which was up to 65 times higher than that of clean water. The application in Weiyuan Well H21-5 in Weiyuan indicates that the environment-friendly variable-viscosity fracturing fluid actualized fast dissolution speed, excellent drag reduction performance and outstanding proppant-carrying performance, and it could changed the viscosity in real time to adapt to different fracturing conditions and satisfy the technical requirements of fracturing integrated with drag reduction and proppant carrying, with good application prospect.
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