针对XAB区块致密砂岩微观孔隙结构特征不明确的问题,采用高压压汞(HPMI)、核磁共振(NMR)、铸体薄片(CTS)以及扫描电镜(SEM)等实验方法,研究了XAB区块致密砂岩储层微观孔隙分布及连通特征,明确了有效孔喉半径、有效孔隙度和有效可动孔隙度等参数与宏观物性之间的关系,识别并评价了典型孔隙结构储层的微观和宏观特征。研究结果表明:目标储层孔隙类型多,孔径范围广,但整体孔径小于2 μm,孔喉以大孔-细喉“墨水瓶”形连通方式为主;孔径大于有效孔喉半径的孔喉虽然占总孔隙体积比例较小,但却对渗透率的贡献率达到了90%以上;NMR测量的孔径分布范围比HPMI更宽,有效可动孔隙度排除了孤立大孔隙中存在的不可动水,与HPMI获得的有效孔隙度之间存在强正相关性,与渗透率具有较高的指数关系;孔喉半径在控制微观孔隙结构和宏观储层质量方面有着重要作用;目标储层孔隙结构可划分为3类,即Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ类,随着储层孔隙结构参数变差,平均有效可动孔隙度分别为2.93%、0.78%和0.15%。研究结果对目标储层评价及高效开发具有重要意义。
To address the problem of unclear microscopic pore structure characteristics of tight sandstone in Block XAB, by using the experiments such as high-pressure mercury injection (HPMI), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), cast thin section (CTS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the microscopic pore distribution and connectivity characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs in Block XAB was studied; the relationship between parameters such as effective pore throat radius, effective porosity and effective movable porosity and macroscopic physical properties was clarified, and the microscopic and macroscopic characteristics of typical pore structure reservoirs was identified and evaluated. The results of the study show that the target reservoir had many pore types and a wide range of pore sizes, but the overall pore size was less than 2 μm, and the pore throat was dominated by large pore-fine throat ink bottle type connectivity; the pore throat with pore size larger than the effective pore throat radius had a small proportion of the total pore volume, but it contributed more than 90% to the permeability; the pore size distribution range measured by NMR was wider than that of HPMI, and the effective movable porosity excluded the existence of unmovable water in the isolated large pores; there was a strong positive correlation with the effective porosity obtained by HPMI, and a high index relationship with the permeability; the pore throat radius had an important role in controlling the microscopic pore structure and macroscopic reservoir quality; the target reservoir pore structure can be classified into three types, i.e., type Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, and the average effective movable porosity was 2.93%, 0.78% and 0.15%, respectively, as the reservoir pore structure parameters became worse. The study results are of great significance for the effective evaluation of the target reservoir and its efficient development.
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