定容气藏水平井停喷原因判识方法及应用

刘书炳; 颜学成; 宋杨; 张何星; 刘磊; 陈宏

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2023.06.020

特种油气藏 >

2023 , Vol. 30 >Issue 6: 150 - 156

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2023.06.020

钻采工程

定容气藏水平井停喷原因判识方法及应用

刘书炳 ,
颜学成 ,
宋杨 ,
张何星 ,
刘磊 ,
陈宏

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1.中国石油长庆油田分公司,陕西西安 710016;
2.中国石油吉林油田分公司,吉林松原 138000;
3.中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司,黑龙江大庆 163001

刘书炳(1968—),男,高级工程师,1992年毕业于中国石油大学(华东)采油工程专业,现从事采气工艺研究工作。

收稿日期: 2023-05-16

修回日期: 2023-09-01

网络出版日期: 2024-01-19

基金资助

中国石油油气和新能源分公司科技项目“智能化排水采气技术及低产井治理技术研究与试验”(2102-2-7)

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Method for Identifying the Cause of Blowout Stoppage of Horizontal Wells in Constant-Volume Gas Reservoirs and Its Application

Liu Shubing ,
Yan Xuecheng ,
Song Yang ,
Zhang Hexing ,
Liu Lei ,
Chen Hong

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1. PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710016, China;
2. PetroChina Jilin Oilfield Company, Songyuan, Jilin 138000, China;
3. PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd., Daqing, Heilongjiang 163001, China

Received date: 2023-05-16

Revised date: 2023-09-01

Online published: 2024-01-19

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摘要

水平气井停喷是定容气藏开发中后期面临的普遍问题,需要及时判识停喷原因并采取生产恢复措施。为此,将水平井临界携液理论方程与水平井二项式产能方程、井底流压计算方程相结合,建立临界携液流量、临界举升压差、临界地层压力3个停喷判据,分析井口压力、油管内径等因素对判据的影响,研究3个判据在气井停喷原因判识中的作用,并创建了快速判识水平井停喷原因的方法。研究表明:临界携液流量与井口压力和油管内径均呈乘幂函数递增关系,井口压力越高、油管内径越大,临界携液流量越大,当气井实际气量低于临界携液流量时,即可判定井筒已开始积液;临界举升压差与油管内径无关,只随井口压力呈线性上升,当实际举升压差低于临界举升压差时,需考虑气井举升液体动力不足的问题;油管内径保持不变时,临界地层压力随井口压力呈线性上升,在地层压力消耗较大的情况下,临界地层压力易超出气井实际地层压力,即气井会因驱动能量不足而引发停喷。应用实例证明,该方法能够有效判识水平气井停喷原因,为工艺措施提供理论依据。该方法的建立对于定容气藏低压阶段的高效开发具有重要指导意义。

关键词： 定容气藏; 水平井; 停喷; 临界携液流量; 临界举升压差; 临界地层压力

本文引用格式

刘书炳 , 颜学成 , 宋杨 , 张何星 , 刘磊 , 陈宏 . 定容气藏水平井停喷原因判识方法及应用[J]. 特种油气藏, 2023 , 30(6) : 150 -156 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2023.06.020

Abstract

The blowout stoppage of horizontal gas wells is a common problem in the middle and late stages of the development of constant-volume gas reservoirs, and it is necessary to identify the causes of the stoppage and take measures to restore production in a timely manner. To this end, the theoretical equation of critical liquid-carrying in horizontal wells was combined with the binomial deliverability equation of horizontal wells and the calculation equation of bottomhole flowing pressure to establish three criteria for blowout stoppage: critical liquid-carrying flow rate, critical lifting differential pressure, and critical formation pressure, analyze the influences of factors such as wellhead pressure and tubing inner diameter on the criteria, and study the roles of the three criteria in identifying the causes of blowout stoppage in gas wells, and then create a method to identify the causes of blowout stoppage of gas wells in a quick manner. The study shows that: The critical liquid-carrying flow rate has an increasing multiplicative power function with the wellhead pressure and tubing inner diameter, the higher the wellhead pressure and the larger the tubing inner diameter, the larger the critical liquid-carrying flow rate is, when the actual gas volume of the well is lower than the critical liquid-carrying flow rate, it can be determined that the wellbore has begun to accumulate fluids; the critical lifting differential pressure has nothing to do with the tubing inner diameter, and only rises linearly with the wellhead pressure, when the actual lifting differential pressure is lower than the critical lifting differential pressure, it is necessary to consider the problem of insufficient fluid power of the well; the tubing inner diameter only increases with the wellhead pressure; the critical lifting differential pressure has no effect on the wellhead pressure, so it is necessary to consider the problem of insufficient fluid lifting power of the gas well; when the tubing inner diameter remains unchanged, the critical formation pressure rises linearly with the wellhead pressure, and in the case of a large consumption of formation pressure, the critical formation pressure is easy to exceed the actual formation pressure of the gas well, i.e., the gas well will be triggered to stop blowout due to the insufficient driving energy. The application example proves that the method can effectively identify the reasons for the blowout stoppage of horizontal gas wells and provide theoretical basis for the technological measures. The establishment of this method is of great significance for the high-efficiency development of the low-pressure stage of constant-volume gas reservoirs.

Key words： constant-volume gas reservoir; horizontal well; blowout stoppage; critical liquid-carrying flow rate; critical lifting differential pressure; critical formation pressure

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