稠油携砂给地面生产设施及外输管道带来严重安全隐患,而稠油的高黏特性造成油砂分离困难。优化旋流器结构,探索旋流器高效除砂的进料条件范围对实现高黏稠油旋流除砂具有重要意义。为此,利用数值模拟方法,研究了不同稠油黏度、含水率和旋流器几何结构下的除砂率和压降。结果表明:油水混合液黏度对砂粒分离效率影响显著,远大于旋流器结构对除砂效果的影响;旋流器结构参数中的入口直径、溢流口直径、锥段长度对旋流场和除砂率影响最显著;控制分流比可减少油相从底流口流出,减少资源浪费,但在高黏低含水率条件下调控分流比才具有效果和意义。该研究结果可为稠油旋流除砂器结构优化和旋流除砂工艺设计提供借鉴。
Heavy oil with sand brings serious safety hazards to ground production facilities and export pipelines, and the high viscosity of heavy oil causes difficulties in oil-sand separation. Optimizing the cyclone structure and exploring the range of feeding conditions for efficient cyclone desander are of great significance in realizing the cyclone desanding of highly viscous heavy oil. To this end, numerical simulation was used to study the desanding rate and pressure drop under different heavy oil viscosities, water cuts, and cyclone geometries. The results show that the viscosity of the oil-water mixture has a significant effect on the sand separation efficiency, which is much larger than the effect of the cyclone structure on the desanding effect; the inlet diameter, the overflow diameter, and the length of the cone section of the cyclone structure parameters have the most significant effect on the cyclone field and the sand desanding rate; the control of the diversion ratio could reduce the oil phase flowing from the bottom outlet and the waste of resources, but the control of the diversion ratio is only effective and meaningful under the conditions of high viscosity and low water cut. The results of this study can provide a reference for the optimization of heavy oil cyclone desander structure and the design of the cyclone desanding process.
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