浅层油藏水平缝形态识别及渗流特征

师调调; 石立华; 武晓婷; 童长兵; 沈振振; 蔡建超

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2024.06.011

特种油气藏 >

2024 , Vol. 31 >Issue 6: 91 - 99

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2024.06.011

油藏工程

浅层油藏水平缝形态识别及渗流特征

师调调 ,
石立华 ,
武晓婷 ,
童长兵 ,
沈振振 ,
蔡建超

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1.海南科技职业大学,海南海口 571126;
2.陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院,陕西西安 710065;
3.中油财务有限责任公司西安分公司,陕西西安 710018;
4.延长油田股份有限公司宝塔采油厂,陕西延安 716000;
5.中国石油大学(北京),北京 102249

师调调(1984—),女,高级工程师,2007年毕业于吉林大学地质学专业,2012年毕业于西北大学油气田地质与开发专业,获博士学位,现从事致密储层微观孔隙结构及提高采收率技术研究工作。

收稿日期: 2023-09-03

修回日期: 2024-08-26

网络出版日期: 2025-01-22

基金资助

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划“致密砂岩储层微观孔喉结构及薄膜流动对渗吸规律的影响”(2023-JC-YB-423)、“页岩油储层微—纳米孔喉系统量化表征及对可动流体赋存状态控制机理研究”(2022JQ-290)

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Identification of Horizontal Fracture Morphology and Flow Characteristics in Shallow Oil Reservoirs

Shi Tiaotiao ,
Shi Lihua ,
Wu Xiaoting ,
Tong Changbing ,
Shen Zhenzhen ,
Cai Jianchao

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1. Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology,Haikou,Hainan 571126,China;
2. Research Institute of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group),Xi'an,Shaanxi 710065,China;
3. Xi'an Branch of China Finance Petroleum Company Limited,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710018,China;
4. Baota Oil Production Plant of Yanchang Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,Yan'an,Shaanxi 716000,China;
5. China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China

Received date: 2023-09-03

Revised date: 2024-08-26

Online published: 2025-01-22

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摘要

针对浅层油藏压裂后裂缝形态识别及水驱渗流规律认识不清的问题,以鄂尔多斯盆地延长东部油区长6储层为研究对象,利用破裂压力梯度、瞬时停泵压力等室内实验对压裂裂缝的形态进行识别,通过开展大尺度真三轴室内实验,模拟地层真实条件下单条压裂水平缝三维渗流压力和流线分布特征,并基于Newman乘积方法和格林函数思想,建立了考虑裂缝表皮效应和井筒存储效应的椭圆形水平缝数值模型,揭示裂缝形态、裂缝分布位置及渗透率各向异性对水平缝渗流规律的影响。研究表明:水平缝压降在水平方向呈非对称性分布,裂缝长半轴方向压力传播距离远,短半轴方向传播距离近;裂缝形态、渗透率各向异性、裂缝分布位置初期对井底压力的影响较大,对水平缝渗流影响显著,后期对水平缝渗流影响小。在此基础上,提出了错层底部注水开发方式,现场应用后增油控水效果显著。该研究可为浅层油藏注水开发提供技术参考。

关键词： 浅层油藏; 水平缝; 裂缝形态; 渗流特征; 物理模拟; 数值模型

本文引用格式

师调调 , 石立华 , 武晓婷 , 童长兵 , 沈振振 , 蔡建超 . 浅层油藏水平缝形态识别及渗流特征[J]. 特种油气藏, 2024 , 31(6) : 91 -99 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2024.06.011

Abstract

Aiming at the problem of unclear understanding of fracture morphology and water flooding seepage law after fracturing in shallow reservoirs,the Chang 6 Reservoir in the eastern area of Yanchang of Ordos Basin was taken as the research object.The fracture morphology was identified by laboratory experiments of fracture pressure gradient and instantaneous pump-off pressure.The three-dimensional flow pressure and streamline distribution characteristics of a single horizontal fracture under real formation conditions were simulated by large-scale true triaxial laboratory experiments.Based on the Newman product method and Green's function concepts,a numerical model of elliptical horizontal fracture considering fracture skin effect and wellbore storage effect was established.This model reveals the impact of fracture morphology,fracture distribution location,and permeability anisotropy on horizontal fracture flow characteristics.The research indicates that the pressure drop across horizontal fractures shows an asymmetric distribution along the horizontal direction,with longer propagation distances along the major axis and shorter distances along the minor axis.Fracture morphology,permeability anisotropy and fracture distribution position have great influence on bottom hole pressure and fracture flow at the initial stage,but have little influence on horizontal fracture flow at the later stage.Building on these findings,a development mode of staggered bottom water injection is put forward.Field application demonstrates significant enhancement in oil recovery and terrific effects on water production control.This research can provide technical references for water injection development in shallow oil reservoirs.

Key words： shallow oil reservoir; horizontal fracture; fracture morphology; permeability characteristics; physical simulation; numerical model

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