延安地区陆相页岩气水平井低自由水活度水基钻井液技术矿场实践

王波; 林进; 吴金桥; 吴慧民; 马振锋; 杨先伦; 王金堂

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.02.020

特种油气藏 >

2025 , Vol. 32 >Issue 2: 154 - 161

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.02.020

钻采工程

延安地区陆相页岩气水平井低自由水活度水基钻井液技术矿场实践

王波 ,
林进 ,
吴金桥 ,
吴慧民 ,
马振锋 ,
杨先伦 ,
王金堂

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1.陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司天然气研究院分公司,陕西西安 710075;
2.陕西省陆相页岩气成藏与开发重点实验室,陕西西安 710075;
3.中国石油西部钻探工程有限公司,新疆克拉玛依 834000;
4.中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛 266580

王波(1990—),男,高级工程师,2012年毕业于西南石油大学应用化学专业,2022年毕业于中国石油大学(华东)油气井工程专业,获博士学位,现从事非常规油气钻井液及钻井防漏堵漏技术研究工作。

收稿日期: 2024-08-11

修回日期: 2025-02-18

网络出版日期: 2025-06-16

基金资助

陕西省创新能力支撑计划“温度-压力-钻井液作用下深部煤岩化学结构演化规律”(2024ZC-KJXX-129)

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Field practice of low free-water activity water-based drilling fluid technology for lacustrine shale gas horizontal wells in Yan′an Area

WANG Bo ,
LIN Jin ,
WU Jinqiao ,
WU Huimin ,
MA Zhenfeng ,
YANG Xianlun ,
WANG Jintang

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1. Natural Gas Research Institute Company of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710075, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Onshore Shale Gas Formation and Development, Shaanxi Province, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710075, China;
3. CNPC Western Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd., Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China;
4. School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China

Received date: 2024-08-11

Revised date: 2025-02-18

Online published: 2025-06-16

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摘要

针对陆相页岩气水平井钻井过程中井壁失稳难题,基于降低液相活度、抑制水化作用、强化页岩封堵等原理,研制了页岩气水平井低自由水活度水基钻井液体系PSW-2,并进行了流变性、封堵性、抑制性实验评价和实用效果评价。研究表明:不同密度的PSW-2水基钻井液的API滤失量低于3.2 mL,封堵率大于86%,滚动回收率高于95%,线性膨胀率低于1.38%,具有较好的流变性、封堵能力和抑制性。矿场实践表明:PSW-2水基钻井液实施过程中性能稳定,API滤失量保持在3.0 mL以内,对长段泥岩、炭质泥岩及页岩井段均具有较好的稳定井壁效果,8口页岩气水平井实施成功率达到87.5%。通过增强纳米—微米级裂缝的封堵能力以及复合加重方式强化钻井液封堵防塌能力,并进一步降低钻井液成本是将来的发展趋势。该技术成果对页岩气水平井的低成本高效钻井具有技术支撑作用。

关键词： 水基钻井液; 陆相页岩; 页岩气; 弱胶结地层; 井壁失稳; 延长区块

本文引用格式

王波 , 林进 , 吴金桥 , 吴慧民 , 马振锋 , 杨先伦 , 王金堂 . 延安地区陆相页岩气水平井低自由水活度水基钻井液技术矿场实践[J]. 特种油气藏, 2025 , 32(2) : 154 -161 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.02.020

Abstract

To address the challenge of wellbore instability in lacustrineshale gas horizontal wells, a low free-water activity water-based drilling fluid system PSW-2 for shale gas horizontal wells was developed based on the principles of reducing liquid activity, inhibiting hydration, and enhancing shale sealing. Rheological, sealing, and inhibition tests were conducted, along with evaluations of practical application effectiveness. The study shows that the API filtration loss of PSW-2 drilling fluids with different densities is below 3.2 mL, with a sealing efficiency greater than 86%, a rolling recovery rate higher than 95%, and a linear expansion rate below 1.38%. The fluid exhibits good rheological properties, sealing capability, and inhibition performance. Field practice indicates that the PSW-2 drilling fluid maintains stable performance during application, with the API filtration loss kept below 3.0 mL. It provides effective wellbore stability for long sections of mudstone, carbonaceous mudstone and shale, which has achieved an 87.5% success rate in 8 shale gas horizontal wells. Future development trends include enhancing the sealing capability for nano-scale and micro-scale fractures and improving the sealing and collapse prevention ability of drilling fluids through composite weighting methods, while further reducing drilling fluid costs. This technological achievement provides technical support for low-cost and efficient drilling in shale gas horizontal wells.

Key words： water-based drilling fluid; lacustrine shale; shale gas; weakly cemented formations; wellbore instability; Yan′an Block

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