提升叠后地震反演精度的关键技术探讨

张希晨; 张建伟; 罗亚能; 李静叶; 顾晓东; 富会; 王子昕; 丁燕

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.03.007

特种油气藏 >

2025 , Vol. 32 >Issue 3: 57 - 65

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.03.007

地质勘探

提升叠后地震反演精度的关键技术探讨

张希晨 ,
张建伟 ,
罗亚能 ,
李静叶 ,
顾晓东 ,
富会 ,
王子昕 ,
丁燕

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1.中国石油集团工程技术研究院有限公司,北京 102206;
2.中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司,河北涿州 072750

张希晨(1993—),男,工程师,2015年毕业于中国石油大学(北京)勘查技术与工程专业,2018年毕业于该校地质学专业,获硕士学位,现从事地震地质工程一体化方面的工作。

收稿日期: 2024-03-06

修回日期: 2025-02-10

网络出版日期: 2025-07-08

基金资助

中国石油科技项目“多物理场高精度油气地球物理探测技术与装备研究”(2023ZZ05)、“井眼轨道智能调整与轨迹优化控制方法”(2024ZZ0602)

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Key technologies to improve post-stack seismic inversion accuracy

ZHANG Xichen ,
ZHANG Jianwei ,
LUO Ya′neng ,
LI Jingye ,
GU Xiaodong ,
FU Hui ,
WANG Zixin ,
DING Yan

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1. CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China;
2. BGP INC., China National Petroleum Corporation, Zhuozhou, Hebei 072750, China

Received date: 2024-03-06

Revised date: 2025-02-10

Online published: 2025-07-08

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摘要

针对常规叠后地震反演流程存在分辨率不高、连续性不理想、可信度有限等问题,从反演的流程出发,系统地分析了各反演环节的重要性,通过不同的方法和技术,提升了反演结果的分辨率、连续性和真实性,建立了高精度叠后地震反演新流程。研究表明:提高反演结果的垂向分辨率,可采用高分辨率的反演方法、地震数据提高分辨率预处理、调节子波、反演结果与模型的高频合并等4个方法。提高反演结果的横向连续性,可采用调节反演稳定性、反演结果与模型的低频合并等2个方法。反演效果的提升不能背离储层的真实特征,应当在过井剖面验证、平面验证、反演残差验证、井点验证的约束下实现。此外,提出了反演新流程的4点适用性:应结合地质背景和具体的预测目标选择相应的效果改进方法;反演结果难以同时满足垂向分辨率和横向连续性的要求,需要在两者之间权衡;如果过度提升反演效果,将影响反演结果的可信度;井的时深关系需要确保准确无误。未来储层预测将更加精细化和复杂化,以上方法技术或具有良好的应用前景,有望为其他地区的精细反演提供参考。

关键词： 叠后地震反演; 精度提升; 验证方法; 垂向分辨率; 横向连续性; 适用性

本文引用格式

张希晨 , 张建伟 , 罗亚能 , 李静叶 , 顾晓东 , 富会 , 王子昕 , 丁燕 . 提升叠后地震反演精度的关键技术探讨[J]. 特种油气藏, 2025 , 32(3) : 57 -65 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.03.007

Abstract

To address the issues of low resolution, suboptimal continuity and limited reliability in conventional post-stack seismic inversion processes,this study systematically analyzes the importance of each inversion step from the perspective of the inversion workflow. By employing various methods and techniques, the resolution, continuity, and authenticity of the inversion results are improved, and a new high-accuracy post-stack seismic inversion workflow is established. The study shows that improving the vertical resolution of inversion results can be achieved through four methods: high-resolution inversion techniques, resolution-enhancing preprocessing of seismic data, wavelet adjustment, and high-frequency merging of inversion results with models. Improving the lateral continuity of the inversion results can be achieved through two methods: inversion stability adjustment and low-frequency merging of inversion results with models. The enhancement of inversion effectiveness must adhere to the authentic characteristics of reservoirs and should be achieved under the constraints of well-cross-section validation, planar validation, inversion residual validation, and well-point validation. Additionally, four key applicability considerations for the new inversion workflow are proposed: improvement methods should be selected based on the geological context and specific prediction objectives; it is challenging for inversion results to simultaneously meet the requirements of vertical resolution and lateral continuity, necessitating a trade-off between the two; excessive enhancement of inversion effectiveness may compromise the reliability of the results; and the time-depth relationship of wells must be ensured to be accurate. Future reservoir predictions will become more refined and complex, and the aforementioned methods and techniques may have promising applications, potentially serving as a reference for detailed inversions in other regions.

Key words： post-stack seismic inversion; accuracy enhancement; validation methods; vertical resolution; lateral continuity; applicability

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