针对钻机起升系统重要部件死绳固定器疲劳寿命认识不清的问题,以ZJ150钻机用JZG97型死绳固定器为例,使用有限元法进行了疲劳寿命分析,通过正交实验对死绳固定器薄弱环节(绳轮)处的结构参数进行优选,并建立BP神经网络疲劳寿命预测模型,预测薄弱部位的疲劳寿命。结果表明:肋板宽度为90 mm、传感器支臂过渡圆角半径为270 mm、肋板厚度为230 mm为最优参数组合,优化后绳轮的疲劳安全系数为1.78,与初始结构相比提高了19.46%。BP神经网络模型整体拟合准确率为97.84%,预测值与模拟值最大误差小于4.870%,BP神经网络具有准确率高、收敛速度快、泛化能力强的特点,可以在不构建复杂函数回归关系的情况下,准确预测死绳固定器的疲劳寿命。该研究对超深井钻井设备死绳固定器的结构优化设计及寿命预测具有一定的指导意义。
To address the issue of unclear understanding of the fatigue life of critical components in the drilling rig hoisting system, specifically the deadline anchor, the fatigue life analysis was conducted using the finite element method, taking the JZG97 type deadline anchor used in the ZJ150 drilling rig as an example. Through orthogonal experiments, the structural parameters of the weak link (sheave wheel) of the deadline anchor were optimized. Furthermore, a BP neural network fatigue life prediction model was established to predict the fatigue life of the vulnerable parts. The results show that the optimal parameters are a rib width of 90 mm, a sensor arm fillet radius of 270 mm, and a rib thickness of 230 mm. This increases the sheave wheel′s fatigue safety factor to 1.78, a 19.46% improvement over the initial design. The BP neural network model has a fitting accuracy of 97.84% and a maximum error of less than 4.870% between the predicted value and the simulated value. It proves to be accurate, fast-converging, and generalizable, enabling reliable fatigue life prediction of the deadline anchor without constructing complex functional regression relationships. This research offers guidance for structural optimization and life prediction of deadline anchors in ultra-deep well drilling equipment.
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