稠油油藏注CO2+降黏剂过程中流体赋存特征及协同增效机理研究

章杨; 王晓燕; 王海峰; 张祖峰; 张楠; 鲍磊; 庞占喜

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.06.014

特种油气藏 >

2025 , Vol. 32 >Issue 6: 116 - 123

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.06.014

油藏工程

稠油油藏注CO₂+降黏剂过程中流体赋存特征及协同增效机理研究

章杨 ,
王晓燕 ,
王海峰 ,
张祖峰 ,
张楠 ,
鲍磊 ,
庞占喜

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1.中国石油大港油田分公司,天津 300280;
2.中国石油大学北京,北京 102249

章杨(1987—),男,高级工程师,2010年毕业于中国石油大学(华东)石油工程专业,2016年毕业于该校油气井工程专业,获博士学位,现从事注气提高采收率方面的研究工作。

收稿日期: 2024-07-24

修回日期: 2025-09-02

网络出版日期: 2025-12-31

基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目“多孔介质中纳米颗粒与发泡剂协同构建Pickering泡沫机制及其运移规律”(52074321)

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Characteristics of fluid distribution and synergistic enhancement mechanisms during CO₂+viscosity-reducing agent injection in heavy oil reservoirs

ZHANG Yang ,
WANG Xiaoyan ,
WANG Haifeng ,
ZHANG Zufeng ,
ZHANG Nan ,
BAO Lei ,
PANG Zhanxi

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1. PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company,Tianjin 300280,China;
2. China University of PetroleumBeijing,Beijing 102249,China

Received date: 2024-07-24

Revised date: 2025-09-02

Online published: 2025-12-31

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摘要

针对中深层稠油油藏热采开发难度大、采收率低的问题,根据CO₂在稠油中的溶解特性和降黏剂的作用原理,基于微观渗流模拟技术,开展协同降黏机理实验和协同增效机理实验,研究CO₂及CO₂+降黏剂协同作用提高稠油采收率机理。实验表明:在油藏条件下,CO₂可溶于稠油,形成直径为0.016～0.051 mm的微小泡沫油,显著改善原油流动性,驱替后波及系数达到56.4%,采出程度达到37.3%;降黏剂可使原油形成微细的乳状液滴,扩大CO₂波及范围,降黏率超过99.0%,波及系数达到65.3%,采出程度达到46.2%。研究表明:CO₂通过溶解膨胀和显著降黏作用改善原油流动能力,其与降黏剂的协同作用能大幅度提升驱油效率和波及范围;泡沫油的形成和乳状液滴的封堵是提高波及效率的关键机制。该研究对中深层稠油油藏提高原油采收率及实现CO₂地质封存具有重要的实践指导意义。

关键词： 稠油油藏; CO₂; PVT实验; 可视化实验; 波及效率; 协同增效

本文引用格式

章杨 , 王晓燕 , 王海峰 , 张祖峰 , 张楠 , 鲍磊 , 庞占喜 . 稠油油藏注CO₂+降黏剂过程中流体赋存特征及协同增效机理研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2025 , 32(6) : 116 -123 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.06.014

Abstract

Faced with the difficulties of thermal development and low recovery in mid-deep heavy oil reservoirs,and based on the CO₂ solubility in heavy oil and the operational principle of viscosity-reducing agents,micro-scale flow simulations were conducted involving synergistic viscosity reduction and enhanced production experiments.The study examined the mechanism by which CO₂ and CO₂+viscosity-reducing agent jointly improved heavy oil recovery.Experimental results showed that under reservoir conditions,CO₂ dissolved in heavy oil to form minute CO₂-in-oil bubbles(0.016-0.051 mm in diameter),significantly improving crude oil mobility;after displacement,the swept coefficient reached 56.4% and oil recovery degree 37.3%.The viscosity-reducing agent caused crude oil to form fine emulsion droplets,expanding the CO₂ sweep area;the viscosity reduction rate exceeded 99.0%,and the swept coefficient reached 65.3%,with recovery up to 46.2%.This indicated that CO₂ improved oil flowability via solution-induced expansion and viscosity reduction,and its synergistic action with the viscosity-reducing agent could substantially enhance displacement efficiency and sweep extent.The formation of foam oil and blockages by emulsified droplets were the key mechanisms improving sweep efficiency.This study provides practical guidance for enhancing recovery in mid-deep heavy oil reservoirs and for realizing CO₂ geological styorage.

Key words： heavy oil reservoir; CO₂; PVT experiment; visualization experiment; sweep efficiency; synergistic enhancement

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