川中绵阳—广安浅水陆棚长兴组孔隙型灰岩储层特征及主控因素

林怡; 何开来; 陈骁; 黎洋; 李怡雯; 徐诗雨; 赵春妮; 山述娇

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.02.004

特种油气藏 >

2026 , Vol. 33 >Issue 2: 34 - 43

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.02.004

地质勘探

川中绵阳—广安浅水陆棚长兴组孔隙型灰岩储层特征及主控因素

林怡 ,
何开来 ,
陈骁 ,
黎洋 ,
李怡雯 ,
徐诗雨 ,
赵春妮 ,
山述娇

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中国石油西南油气田分公司勘探开发研究院,四川成都 610041

林怡(1987—),女,高级工程师,2010年毕业于西南石油大学地理信息系统专业,2013年毕业于该校矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业,获硕士学位,现主要从事天然气地质勘探及储量计算综合研究工作。

收稿日期: 2025-05-08

修回日期: 2026-01-07

网络出版日期: 2026-07-30

基金资助

中国石油重大科技专项“海相碳酸盐岩油气规模增储上产与勘探开发技术研究”(2023ZZ16YJ01)

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Characteristics and main controlling factors of a pore-type limestone reservoir of the Changxing Formation on the Mianyang-Guang′an shallow-water shelf in central Sichuan

LIN Yi ,
HE Kailai ,
CHEN Xiao ,
LI Yang ,
LI Yiwen ,
XU Shiyu ,
ZHAO Chunni ,
SHAN Shujiao

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PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development,Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China

Received date: 2025-05-08

Revised date: 2026-01-07

Online published: 2026-07-30

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摘要

川中绵阳—广安浅水陆棚长兴组油气资源丰富,可作为重要的勘探接替领域。长兴组主要发育孔隙型灰岩生物礁滩储层,为新类型的深层碳酸盐储层。针对长兴组灰岩储层特征、物性下限及主控因素认识不清的问题,基于钻井资料,利用岩心和薄片观察、毛细管压力、气水相渗、产能模拟等多种分析测试手段,对该储层的基本特征、物性下限及灰岩储层孔隙保存机理、储层发育主控因素开展研究。结果表明:研究区储集岩以海绵骨架生物礁灰岩、生屑灰岩为主,储集空间以生物体腔孔、粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔为主,物性整体呈现为中孔、低渗,局部存在高孔渗区域的特点;多种实验方法交叉验证确定川中地区长兴组灰岩储层有效孔隙度下限为2.10%,含水饱和度上限为48.9%,渗透率下限为0.010 mD;生物礁滩体是储层发育的物质基础,相对封闭的超压成岩体系是深层长兴组礁滩复合体灰岩孔隙得以保持的关键;此外,早期油气充注过程中碳氢化合物侵位减少胶结物生长的成核位置,是孔隙得以保存的重要条件之一。该研究对四川盆地深层孔隙型灰岩储层发育提供了理论基础,可为川中长兴组深层生物礁滩灰岩气藏识别有效储层、估算天然气地质储量等提供参考依据。

关键词： 绵阳—广安浅水陆棚; 深层孔隙型灰岩储层; 物性下限; 孔隙保存机理; 主控因素; 长兴组

本文引用格式

林怡 , 何开来 , 陈骁 , 黎洋 , 李怡雯 , 徐诗雨 , 赵春妮 , 山述娇 . 川中绵阳—广安浅水陆棚长兴组孔隙型灰岩储层特征及主控因素[J]. 特种油气藏, 2026 , 33(2) : 34 -43 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.02.004

Abstract

The Changxing Formation on the Mianyang-Guang′an shallow-water shelf in central Sichuan is rich in oil and gas resources and can serve as an important successor exploration area.The Changxing Formation primarily develops pore-type limestone reef-shoal reservoirs,which is a new type of deep carbonate reservoir.In view of the insufficient understanding of the reservoir characteristics, the lower limits of physical property,and main controlling factors of the Changxing Formation limestone reservoir,a study was carried out based on drilling data and a variety of analytical methods including core and thin-section observation,capillary pressure analysis,gas-water infiltration tests,and production capacity simulation.The basic reservoir characteristics,the lower limits of physical properties,the pore preservation mechanism of the limestone reservoir,and the main factors controlling reservoir development were investigated.The results show that reservoir rocks in the study area are mainly sponge-framework reef limestone and bioclastic limestone,with pore space do minated by organism cavity pores,intergranular dissolution pores,and intragranular dissolution pores.Overall,the reservoir exhibits moderate porosity and low permeability,with localized zones of high porosity and permeability.Multiple experimental methods cross-validated that the effective porosity lower cutoff for the Changxing Formation limestone reservoir in central Sichuan is 2.10%,the water saturation upper limit is 48.9%,and the permeability lower cutoff is 0.010 mD.The reef-shoal body provides the material basis for reservoir development,and a relatively closed overpressure diagenetic system is key to preserving pores in the deep Changxing Formation reef-shoal complex limestones.Furthermore,during early hydrocarbon charging,the emplacement of hydrocarbons reduces the nucleation sites for cement growth,which is one of the important conditions for pore preservation.This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of deep pore-type limestone reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin.It also offers reference for the identification of effective reservoirs and the estimation of natural gas geological reserves in the deep Changxing Formation reef-shoal gas reservoirs of central Sichuan.

Key words： Mianyang-Guang′an shallow-water shelf; deep pore-type limestone reservoir; the lower limits of physical properties; pore preservation mechanism; main controlling factors; Changxing Formation

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