川东北地区凉高山组页岩孔隙结构表征及优势储层形成机理

龚辰; 陈守春; 刘如昊; 李世临; 冯亮; 张雷; 王鑫锐; 王仲旭

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.03.005

特种油气藏 >

2026 , Vol. 33 >Issue 3: 44 - 54

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.03.005

地质勘探

川东北地区凉高山组页岩孔隙结构表征及优势储层形成机理

龚辰 ,
陈守春 ,
刘如昊 ,
李世临 ,
冯亮 ,
张雷 ,
王鑫锐 ,
王仲旭

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1.中国石油西南油气田分公司重庆气矿,重庆 400021;
2.重庆科技大学重庆非常规油气开发研究院,重庆 401331;
3.重庆科技大学石油与天然气工程学院,重庆 401331

龚辰(1992—),男,工程师,2013年毕业于长江大学资源勘查工程专业,2016年毕业于该校矿产普查与勘探专业,获硕士学位,现从事地质勘探工作。

收稿日期: 2025-08-27

修回日期: 2026-03-06

网络出版日期: 2026-09-04

基金资助

重庆市教委科学技术研究项目“四川盆地陆相页岩气富集机理和甜点智能评价体系研究”(KJZD-K202401503);重庆市级人才计划“包干制”项目“陆相页岩油气储层成因机制及甜点评价与预测方法体系研究”(cstc2024ycjh-bgzxm0064);西南油气田公司重大专项“川东地区侏罗系原油地质工程一体化技术研究”(2025D0ZD0104);重庆气矿科研项目“梁平—万州地区侏罗系凉高山组风险勘探目标研究”(K25-02)

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Pore structure characterization and formation mechanisms of favorable reservoir in the Lianggaoshan Formation shale,northeastern Sichuan Basin

GONG Chen ,
CHEN Shouchun ,
LIU Ruhao ,
LI Shilin ,
FENG Liang ,
ZHANG Lei ,
WANG Xinrui ,
WANG Zhongxu

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1. Chongqing Gas Field,PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company,Chongqing 400021,China;
2. Chongqing Institute of Unconventional Oil and Gas Development,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China;
3. School of Petroleum Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China

Received date: 2025-08-27

Revised date: 2026-03-06

Online published: 2026-09-04

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摘要

川东北地区侏罗系凉高山组页岩油气资源潜力巨大,近年来在盆地多个区带获高产油气井,展现了良好的勘探前景,但受制于细粒沉积岩复杂岩相类型、有机质含量偏低及孔隙结构复杂等因素影响,增储上产面临挑战。基于地球化学、岩矿分析及多尺度孔隙测试结果,剖析了凉高山组一段页岩的微观孔隙结构特征,探讨了优势储层成因。研究表明:凉一段主要发育6类岩相,包括低有机质含量与高有机质含量(简称低有机质与高有机质)条件下的长英质、混合质及黏土质页岩,其中,高有机质长英质页岩与高有机质黏土质页岩表现出较高的大孔隙占比,具有良好的储层物性;脆性矿物含量较高的岩相抗压实能力更强,利于原生孔隙保存,中—大孔占比高;有机质含量对优势储层发育具有双重作用,页岩中适量的有机质可促进储层孔隙发育,但有机质含量过高则会充填孔隙空间,进而削弱岩石抗压能力,不利于中—大孔的保存。通过分析陆相页岩储层优势岩相与孔隙结构主控因素,认为川东北地区凉高山组页岩储层受双阈值控制模型控制,有机质-矿物复合孔隙系统是优势页岩储层形成的关键。该研究可为川东北地区浅层陆相页岩油气“甜点”预测与下步勘探部署提供支撑。

关键词： 陆相页岩; 微观孔隙结构; 控制因素; 凉高山组; 川东北地区

本文引用格式

龚辰 , 陈守春 , 刘如昊 , 李世临 , 冯亮 , 张雷 , 王鑫锐 , 王仲旭 . 川东北地区凉高山组页岩孔隙结构表征及优势储层形成机理[J]. 特种油气藏, 2026 , 33(3) : 44 -54 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.03.005

Abstract

The Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin contains considerable shale oil and gas resources.In recent years,several zones in the basin have yielded high-production oil and gas wells,demonstrating favorable exploration prospects.However,reserve growth and production enhancement remain challenging because of the complex lithofacies of fine-grained sedimentary rocks,relatively low organic matter abundance,and complex pore structures.Based on geochemical data,petrographic-mineralogical analyses,and multi-scale pore characterization results,this study examined the microscopic pore structure of shale in the first member of the Lianggaoshan Formation and discusses the genesis of favorable reservoirs.The results show that six lithofacies types are mainly developed in the first member,including felsic,mixed and clay-rich shales under both low-organic-matter and high-organic-matter conditions(hereinafter referred to as low- organic matter and high-organic matter).Among them,high-organic-matter felsic shale and high-organic-matter clay-rich shale exhibit relatively high proportions of macropores and thus favorable reservoir properties.Lithofacies with higher content of brittle minerals have stronger resistance to compaction,which is conducive to the preservation of primary pores and to higher proportions of mesopores to macropores.Organic matter exerts a dual effect on the development of favorable reservoirs:an appropriate organic matter content promotes pore development,whereas excessively high organic matter content fills pore space,thereby weakening rock compaction resistance and hindering the preservation of mesopores to macropores.Through analysis of the favorable lithofacies and the main controlling factors of pore structure in lacustrine shale reservoirs,it is concluded that the shale reservoir of the Lianggaoshan Formation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin is governed by a dual-threshold control model,and that an organic-matter-mineral composite pore system is critical to the formation of favorable shale reservoirs.This study provides support for sweet-spot prediction and subsequent exploration deployment of shallow lacustrine shale oil and gas in the northeastern Sichuan Basin.

Key words： lacustrine shale; microscopic pore structure; controlling factors; Lianggaoshan Formation; northeastern Sichuan Basin

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