渭河盆地固市凹陷含氦地层识别技术应用及勘探开发启示

蔡鑫磊; 李谦益; 张阳; 范明璞; 李正; 张国强; 李萌瑶

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.03.006

特种油气藏 >

2026 , Vol. 33 >Issue 3: 55 - 61

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.03.006

地质勘探

渭河盆地固市凹陷含氦地层识别技术应用及勘探开发启示

蔡鑫磊 ,
李谦益 ,
张阳 ,
范明璞 ,
李正 ,
张国强 ,
李萌瑶

展开

陕西燃气集团有限公司,陕西西安 710016

蔡鑫磊(1969—),男,正高级会计师,2002年毕业于中南财经政法大学工商管理专业,2010年毕业于西北大学经济学专业,获博士学位,现主要从事氦气勘探地质研究及矿产经济学方面工作。

收稿日期: 2025-08-05

修回日期: 2026-02-24

网络出版日期: 2026-09-04

基金资助

深地国家科技重大专项“盆地边缘天然氦富集与探测”(SQ2025AAA060128);陕西省地质勘查基金项目“渭河盆地华州-华阴地区氦气资源成藏规律及勘探开发技术研究”(61202514496)、“陕西省渭南市华州-华阴地区地热水及氦气普查”(61202110374)

收起

Application of helium-bearing strata identification technology in the Gushi Sag, Weihe Basin,and implications for exploration and development

CAI Xinlei ,
LI Qianyi ,
ZHANG Yang ,
FAN Mingpu ,
LI Zheng ,
ZHANG Guoqiang ,
LI Mengyao

Expand

Shaanxi Gas Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710016,China

Received date: 2025-08-05

Revised date: 2026-02-24

Online published: 2026-09-04

Fold

摘要

氦气是一种稀缺性战略资源,开展氦气资源勘探及相关技术研究势在必行。渭河盆地氦气资源丰富,但整体勘探程度较低,缺乏成熟的含氦地层识别技术与评价标准,制约了氦气资源规模化勘探开发。针对该问题,结合氦气成藏条件与含量检测方法,依托渭河盆地固市凹陷南部斜坡最新勘探成果,建立了含氦地层识别技术与评价标准。研究表明:氦气富集与成藏遵循“源-运-聚”三大核心要素,控制氦气生成、运移与成藏的全过程;综合氦气随钻检测、常规油气井录井工艺与测井解释评价等技术,构建了含氦地层识别技术与评价标准,明确了关键参数指标,即氦气含量(0.050‰~0.100‰)、全烃含量(2%~3%)、纵横波速度比(1.6~1.8)、含气饱和度(20%~30%)、声波时差(330~380 μs/m)、岩性密度(2.2~2.4 g/cm³)、岩性等。通过现场应用,在固市凹陷南部斜坡区内多口探井中划分出Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类等多个含氦储层。含氦地层识别技术的建立与应用进一步明确了固市凹陷南部斜坡局部存在氦气藏,对渭河盆地氦气资源勘探开发的发展方向具有借鉴作用。

关键词： 氦气勘探; 含氦地层; 识别技术标准; 勘探启示; 固市凹陷; 渭河盆地

本文引用格式

蔡鑫磊 , 李谦益 , 张阳 , 范明璞 , 李正 , 张国强 , 李萌瑶 . 渭河盆地固市凹陷含氦地层识别技术应用及勘探开发启示[J]. 特种油气藏, 2026 , 33(3) : 55 -61 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.03.006

Abstract

Helium is a scarce strategic resource,and it is imperative to advance helium resource exploration and related technological research.The Weihe Basin is well endowed with helium resources,but its overall exploration level remains low.The lack of mature identification techniques and evaluation criteria for helium-bearing strata has constrained the large-scale exploration and development of helium resources.To slove this problem,and in combination with the conditions for helium accumulation and helium-content detection methods,this study established a set of identification techniques and evaluation criteria for helium-bearing strata based on the latest exploration results from the southern slope of the Gushi Sag in the Weihe Basin.The results show that helium reservoirs strictly follow the three core elements of “generation-migration-accumulation”,which control the entire process of helium generation,migration,and accumulation.By integrating while-drilling helium detection,conventional mud logging procedures for oil and gas wells,and well-log interpretation and evaluation,a technical standard system for identifying helium-bearing strata was established.The key parameter indicators were defined as helium content of 0.050‰-0.100‰,total hydrocarbon content of 2%-3%,P-/S-wave velocity ratio of 1.6-1.8,gas saturation of 20%-30%,acoustic travel time of 330-380 μs/m,bulk density of 2.2-2.4 g/cm³,and lithologies including siltstone,sandstone,and mudstone.Through field application,multiple Class Ⅰ,Class Ⅱ,and Class Ⅲ helium-bearing reservoirs were delineated in several exploration wells on the southern slope of the Gushi Sag.The establishment and application of the helium-bearing strata identification technology further demonstrate the local occurrence of helium reservoirs on the southern slope of the Gushi Sag,and provide useful guidance for the future direction of helium resource exploration and development in the Weihe Basin.

Key words： helium exploration; helium-bearing strata; identification technical standards; exploration implications; Gushi Sag; Weihe Basin

参考文献

[1] HALFORD D T,KAROLYTE R,BARRY P H,et al.High helium reservoirs in the four corners area of the Colorado plateau,USA[J].Chemical Geology,2022,596:120790.
[2] DANABALAN D,GLUYAS J G,MACPHERSON C G,et al.The principles of helium exploration[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2022,28(2):2021-2029.
[3] 李玉宏,张国伟,周俊林,等. 氦气资源调查理论与技术研究现状及建议[J]. 西北地质,2022,55(4): 1-10.
LI Yuhong,ZHANG Guowei,ZHOU Junlin,et al.Research status and suggestions on helium resource investigation theory and technology[J].Northwestern Geology,2022,55(4):1-10.
[4] 陶士振,杨怡青,陈悦,等. 氦气资源形成地质条件、成因机理与富集规律[J].石油勘探与开发,2024,51(2): 436-452.
TAO Shizhen,YANG Yiqing,CHEN Yue,et al.Geological conditions,genetic mechanisms and accumulation patterns of helium resources[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2024,51(2):436-452.
[5] 卢进才,魏仙样,李玉宏,等. 汾渭盆地富氦天然气成因及成藏条件初探[J]. 西北地质,2005,38(3): 82-86.
LU Jincai,WEI Xianyang,LI Yuhong,et al.Preliminary study about genesis and pool formation conditions of rich-helium type natural gas[J].Northwestern Geology,2005,38(3):82-86.
[6] 刘建朝,李荣西,魏刚峰,等. 渭河盆地地热水水溶氦气成因与来源研究[J]. 地质科技情报,2009,28(6): 84-88.
LIU Jianchao,LI Rongxi,WEI Gangfeng,et al.Origin and source of soluble helium gas in geothermal water,Weihe Basin[J].Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology,2009,28(6):84-88.
[7] 韩伟,李玉宏,卢进才,等. 陕西渭河盆地富氦天然气异常的影响因素[J]. 地质通报,2014,33(11): 1836-1841.
HAN Wei,LI Yuhong,LU Jincai,et al.The factors responsible for the unusual content of helium-rich natural gas in the Weihe Basin,Shaanxi Province[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2014,33(11):1836-1841.
[8] 李玉宏,周俊林,张文,等.渭河盆地氦气成藏条件及资源前景[M]. 北京: 地质出版社,2018:10-17,206-266.
LI Yuhong,ZHOU Junlin,ZHANG Wen,et al.Helium Accumulation Conditions and Resource Prospects in the Weihe Basin[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2018:10-17,206-266.
[9] 周俊林,李玉宏,魏建设,等. 渭河盆地固市凹陷华州北地区氦气地质条件与富集模式[J]. 西北地质,2022,55(4): 33-44.
ZHOU Junlin,LI Yuhong,WEI Jianshe,et al.Geological conditions and enrichment model of helium in north Huazhou Area of Gushi Depression,Weihe Basin,China[J].Northwestern Geology,2022,55(4):33-44.
[10] 韩元红,罗厚勇,薛宇泽,等. 渭河盆地地热水伴生天然气成因及氦气富集机理[J]. 天然气地球科学,2022,33(2): 277-287.
HAN Yuanhong,LUO Houyong,XUE Yuze,et al.Genesis and helium enrichment mechanism of geothermal water-associated gas in Weihe Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2022,33(2):277-287.
[11] 陈践发,刘凯旋,董勍伟,等. 天然气中氦资源研究现状及我国氦资源前景[J]. 天然气地球科学,2021,32(10): 1436-1449.
CHEN Jianfa,LIU Kaixuan,DONG Qingwei,et al.Research status of helium resources in natural gas and prospects of helium resources in China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2021,32(10):1436-1449.
[12] ZHANG Wen,LI Yuhong,ZHAO Fenghua,et al.Using noble gases to trace groundwater evolution and assess helium accumulation in Weihe Basin,central China[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2019,251:229-246.
[13] CAMERON A G W.Abundances of the elements in the solar system[J].Space Science Reviews,1973,15(1):121-146.
[14] 陶士振,吴义平,陶小晚,等. 氦气地质理论认识,资源勘查评价与全产业链一体化评价关键技术[J]. 地学前缘,2024,31(1): 351-367.
TAO Shizhen,WU Yiping,TAO Xiaowan,et al.Helium:accumulation model,resource exploration and evaluation,and integrative evaluation of the entire industrial chain[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2024,31(1):351-367.
[15] HALFORD D T,KAROLYTE R,BARRY P H,et al.High helium reservoirs in the Four Corners Area of the Colorado Plateau,USA[J].Chemical Geology,2022,596:120790.
[16] 尤兵,陈践发,肖洪,等. 壳源富氦天然气藏成藏模式及关键条件[J]. 天然气地球科学,2023,34(4): 672-683.
YOU Bing,CHEN Jianfa,XIAO Hong,et al.Accumulation models and key conditions of crustal-derived helium-rich gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2023,34(4):672-683.
[17] TIKOFF B,BLENKINSOP T,KRUCKENBERG S C,et al.A perspective on the emergence of modern structural geology:celebrating the feedbacks between historical-based and process-based approaches[M].Geological Society of America Special Papers,2013,500:65-119.
[18] 秦胜飞,陶刚,罗鑫,等. 氦气富集与天然气成藏差异、勘探误区[J]. 天然气工业,2023,43(12): 138-151.
QIN Shengfei,TAO Gang,LUO Xin,et al.Difference between helium enrichment and natural gas accumulation and misunderstandings in helium exploration[J].Natural Gas Industry,2023,43(12):138-151.
[19] 蔡鑫磊,李谦益,张阳,等. 渭河盆地固市凹陷华州探区新近纪构造运动与沉积作用耦合关系研究及其对氦气成藏的控制[J]. 西北地质,2025,58(5): 11-23.
CAI Xinlei,LI Qianyi,ZHANG Yang,et al.Coupling relationship between neogene tectonism and sedimentation and its controlling of helium accumulation in Huazhou Exploration Area,Gushi Sag,Weihe Basin[J].Northwestern Geology,2025,58(5):11-23.
[20] 蔡鑫磊,李谦益,李正,等. 渭河盆地氦气资源研究进展与勘探开发关键技术[J]. 岩性油气藏,2025,37(5): 1-11.
CAI Xinlei,LI Qianyi,LI Zheng,et al.Research progress and key techniques of exploration and development of helium resource in Weihe Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2025,37(5):1-11.

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献