不同驱油方式下提高页岩油采收率实验评价

刘秀婵; 张添锦; 赵帮胜; 王雨欣

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.03.009

特种油气藏 >

2026 , Vol. 33 >Issue 3: 79 - 88

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.03.009

油藏工程

不同驱油方式下提高页岩油采收率实验评价

刘秀婵 ,
张添锦 ,
赵帮胜 ,
王雨欣

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延安大学石油学院,陕西延安 716000

刘秀婵(1985—),女,副教授,2008年毕业于西北大学资源勘查工程专业,2011年毕业于该校矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业,获硕士学位,现从事油气藏勘探与开发方面的研究工作。

收稿日期: 2025-01-08

修回日期: 2025-12-27

网络出版日期: 2026-09-04

基金资助

国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目“矿物脉体示踪富有机质页岩中烃类流体形成与演化:以大巴山构造带下寒武统为例”(4236020162);2023年省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“鄂尔多斯盆地中南部长7页岩储层在单渗透条件下内部构型分析及页岩油赋存机理研究”(S202310719118)

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Experimental evaluation of improving shale oil recovery efficiency under different displacement patterns

LIU Xiuchan ,
ZHANG Tianjin ,
ZHAO Bangsheng ,
WANG Yuxin

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School of Petroleum Engineering and Environmental Engineering,Yan'an University,Yan'an,Shaanxi 716000,China

Received date: 2025-01-08

Revised date: 2025-12-27

Online published: 2026-09-04

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摘要

鄂尔多斯盆地长7页岩油具有初始产量高、递减快、衰竭采收率低等特点,亟需探索提高页岩油采收率的有效方法。基于高压压汞(HPMI)、扫描电镜(SEM)、铸体薄片(CTS)和低场核磁共振(NMR)等分析结果,对储层孔隙结构进行分类评价,开展压裂液渗吸驱油、压裂液+表面活性剂渗吸驱油和CO₂吞吐驱油实验,研究3种驱油方式下不同孔径孔隙原油动用特征及提高采收率效果,提出了压裂与驱替结合的提高页岩油采收率方法。实验结果表明:目标页岩储层孔隙结构可划分为Ⅰ～Ⅲ类,对应的储层物性参数依次变差;3种驱油方式中,CO₂吞吐采收率最高,压裂液+表面活性剂驱油次之,压裂液渗吸驱油采收率最低;当驱油方式相同时,Ⅰ类页岩采收率最高,Ⅱ、Ⅲ类页岩依次降低;Ⅰ类页岩可采用普通滑溜水作为压裂液,Ⅱ类页岩可在压裂液中添加表面活性剂,Ⅲ类页岩可将CO₂作为压裂液的前置段塞;与普通滑溜水相比,在压裂液中添加阴离子表面活性剂(LAS)后,单井平均日产油提高了2.4倍。该研究成果可为改善页岩储层开采效果提供借鉴。

关键词： 页岩油; 压裂液; 表面活性剂; CO₂吞吐; 孔隙结构; 核磁共振

本文引用格式

刘秀婵 , 张添锦 , 赵帮胜 , 王雨欣 . 不同驱油方式下提高页岩油采收率实验评价[J]. 特种油气藏, 2026 , 33(3) : 79 -88 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.03.009

Abstract

Chang 7 shale oil in Ordos Basin is characterized by high initial output,rapid decline and low depletion development recovery efficiency,thus requiring urgent and effective enhanced oil recovery(EOR) methods.Based on core analysis results from high-pressure mercury intrusion(HPMI),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),casting thin sections(CTS),and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),the pore structure of the target reservoir was classified and evaluated.Experiments were then carried out on oil displacement by fracturing fluid imbibition,fracturing fluid+surfactant imbibition displacement,and CO₂ huff-and-puff displacement,to investigate the crude oil production characteristics in different pore size ranges and the EOR effectiveness of the three patterns.An EOR method integrating fracturing and displacement was proposed to improve shale oil recovery.The experimental results show that the pore structure of the target shale reservoir can be classified into types I-Ⅲ,with reservoir physical properties deteriorating sequentially from I to Ⅲ.Among the three oil displacement patterns,CO₂ huff-and-puff achieves the highest recovery efficiency,followed by fracturing fluid+surfactant imbibition,and fracturing fluid imbibition the lowest.For a given pattern,type I shale yields the highest recovery,with types Ⅱ and Ⅲ decreasing in turn.For type I shale,ordinary slickwater can be used as the fracturing fluid;for type Ⅱ,adding a surfactant to the fracturing fluid is recommended;for type Ⅲ,CO₂ can be used as a pre-slug in the fracturing fluid.Compared with ordinary slickwater,adding an anionic surfactant(LAS) to the fracturing fluid increases the average daily oil output per well by 2.4 times.The research results can provide reference for improving shale reservoir development efficiency.

Key words： shale oil; fracturing fluid; surfactant; CO₂ huff-and-puff; pore structure; NMR

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