Micro-scale percolation experiments of CO2 injection in mid-deep low-permeability heavy oil reservoirs

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.01.011

Abstract

Abstract: In response to the poor thermal recovery efficiency and the insufficient understanding of the mechanisms of production enhancement by CO₂-prefixed energy-storage fracturing in mid-deep low permeability heavy oil reservoirs,a microscopic visualization model and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)instrumentation were employed to conduct micro-scale CO₂ injection experiments.Investigations were made concerning the effect of the injected gas phase and energy-storage fracturing on recovery enhancement by CO₂ injection from the perspectives of micro-scale percolation mechanisms,production enhancement mechanisms,and the spatial distribution patterns of remaining oil.Experimental results indicated that the oil recovery factor increased with CO₂ injection pressure:higher pressure resulted in a larger swept volume and stronger stripping of remaining oil.As the gas injection cycle increased,the contribution of oil recovery from large pores in the core exceeded 95%,while the end-pore residual oil in small pores was gradually mobilized;higher pressure led to greater mobilization of remaining oil in small pores.After energy-storage fracturing,at an injection pressure of 14.20 MPa,the cumulative oil displacement efficiency reached 70.20%,yielding the highest development efficiency.Prior to CO₂-prefixed energy-storage fracturing,the single-cycle oil-exchange efficiency increased with the number of injection-production cycles,and the cumulative exchange efficiency was negatively correlated with injection pressure;after fracturing,heavy oil recovery clearly improved,with cumulative exchange efficiency rising from 0.50 to 0.66.These findings help clarify the flow characteristics,recovery enhancement mechanisms,and remaining oil distribution patterns in CO₂-injected mid-deep low-permeability heavy oil reservoirs,and offer guidance for efficient development in CO₂-prefixed energy-storage fracturing.

Key words: mid-deep heavy oil, CO₂ injection development, production enhancement mechanism, percolation characteristics, energy-storage fracturing

CLC Number:

TE135

WU Yang, ZHOU Xiang, SUN Xin'ge, DONG Hong, ZHAO Yulong, ZHANG Liehui, JIANG Qi. Micro-scale percolation experiments of CO₂ injection in mid-deep low-permeability heavy oil reservoirs[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2026, 33(1): 94-102.

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Micro-scale percolation experiments of CO₂ injection in mid-deep low-permeability heavy oil reservoirs

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