页岩油水平井体积压裂缝网波及体积评价新方法及应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2023.05.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对鄂尔多斯盆地庆城油田夹层型页岩油体积压裂缝网波及体积定量表征难度大的问题,应用物理模拟实验与矿场数据,耦合关键地质工程参数,建立缝网改造体积预测模型,基于岩石微观结构与润湿性,建立了考虑流体压力下的多尺度孔隙渗吸模型,对缝网渗吸体积进行定量表征,并提出新的缝网波及系数概念,定量评价缝网波及体积。研究表明:页岩油体积压裂裂缝总体呈现条带状缝网形态,形似“仙人掌”;影响缝网波及体积的主控因素依次为压裂液量、裂缝密度、脆性指数、施工排量、水平应力差、油层厚度、加砂量;缝网改造体积是水平井体积压裂缝网波及体积的主要贡献者,压裂液在缝网中的渗吸主要用于补充地层能量,典型平台缝网波及系数为33.2%~63.6%,需进一步提高缝网波及体积。研究成果可为页岩油水平井体积压裂效果评价提供参考。

关键词: 页岩油, 缝网波及体积, 渗吸模型, 缝网波及系数, 庆城油田

Abstract: In response to the difficulty of quantitative characterization of the fracture network sweep volume of sandwich-type shale oil volume fracturing in Qingcheng Oilfield, Ordos Basin, a fracture network stimulation volume prediction model is established by applying physical model experiments and mine field data and coupling key geological engineering parameters, and a multi-scale pore percolation model considering fluid pressure is established to quantitatively characterize the fracture network percolation volume based on rock microstructure and wettability, and a new concept of fracture network sweep efficiency is proposed to quantitatively evaluate the fracture network sweep volume. The study shows that the shale oil volume fractures generally show a strip-like fracture network with the main fractures dominating and branch fractures supplementing, and the shape is similar to a "cactus"; the main controlling factors affecting the sweep volume of the fracture network are fracturing fluid volume, fracture density, brittleness index, pumping rate, horizontal stress difference, reservoir thickness, and sand addition; the stimulation volume of fracture network is the main contributor to the fracture network sweep volume of the horizontal well volume fracturing. The percolation volume of fracturing fluid in the fracture network is mainly used to replenish the energy of the formation, the fracture network sweep efficiency of the typical platform is 33.2% to 63.6%, and the fracture network sweep volume needs to be further improved. The research results can provide a reference for the evaluation of the volume fracturing effect of shale oil horizontal wells.

Key words: shale oil, fracture network sweep volume, percolation model, fracture network sweep efficiency, Qingcheng Oilfield

中图分类号:

TE348

张矿生, 薛小佳, 陶亮, 熊作为, 陈文斌, 武安安, 闫广. 页岩油水平井体积压裂缝网波及体积评价新方法及应用[J]. 特种油气藏, 2023, 30(5): 127-134.

Zhang Kuangsheng, Xue Xiaojia, Tao Liang, Xiong Zuowei, Chen Wenbin, Wu An'an, Yan Guang. New Method for Evaluating the Volume Fracturing Fracture Network Sweep Volume in Shale Oil Horizontal Wells and Its Application[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2023, 30(5): 127-134.

参考文献

[1] 焦方正,邹才能,杨智.陆相源内石油聚集地质理论认识及勘探开发实践[J].石油勘探与开发,2020,47(6):1-12.
JIAO Fangzheng,ZOU Caineng,YANG Zhi.Geological theoretical understanding of petroleum accumulation within terrestrial sources and exploration and development practice[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2020,47(6):1-12.
[2] 雷群,胥云,才博,等.页岩油气水平井压裂技术进展与展望[J].石油勘探与开发, 2022,49(1):1-8.
LEI Qun,XU Yun,CAI Bo,et al.Progress and prospects of horizontal well fracturing technology for shale oil and gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2022,49(1):1-8.
[3] 付锁堂,姚泾利,李士祥,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中生界延长组陆相页岩油富集特征与资源潜力[J].石油实验地质,2020,42(5):699-710.
FU Suotang,YAO Jingli,LI Shixiang,et al.Enrichment characteristics and resource potential of continental shale oil in Mesozoic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2020,42(5):699-710.
[4] 付金华,李士祥,牛小兵,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系长7段页岩油地质特征与勘探实践[J].石油勘探与开发,2020,47(5):870-883.
FU Jinhua,LI Shixiang,NIU Xiaobing,et al.Geological characteristics and exploration of shale oil in Chang7 Member of Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2020,47(5):870-883.
[5] 付金华,李士祥, 郭芪恒,等.鄂尔多斯盆地陆相页岩油富集条件及有利区优选[J].石油学报,2022,43(12):1702-1716.
FU Jinhua,LI Shixiang,GUO Qiheng,et al.Enrichment conditions and favorable area optimization of continental shale oil in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2022,43(12):1702-1716.
[6] 慕立俊,赵振峰,李宪文,等.基于缝网扩展模拟的致密储层体积压裂水平井产能贡献分析[J].特种油气藏,2021,28(2):126-132.
MU Lijun,ZHAO Zhenfeng,LI Xianwen,et al.Analysis on contribution to productivity of SRV-fractured horizontal wells in tight reservoirs based on simulation of fracture network propagation[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2021,28(2):126-132.
[7] 付锁堂,金之钧,付金华,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组 7 段从致密油到页岩油认识的转变及勘探开发意义[J].石油学报,2021,42(5):561-569.
FU Suotang,JIN Zhijun,FU Jinhua,et al.Transformation of understanding from tight oil to shale oil in the Member 7 of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin and its significance of exploration and development[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2021,42(5):561-569.
[8] 慕立俊,赵振峰,李宪文,等.鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油水平井细切割体积压裂技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2019,40(3):626-635.
MU Lijun,ZHAO Zhenfeng,LI Xianwen,et al.Fracturing technology of stimulated reservoir volume with subdivision cutting for shale oil horizontal wells in Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2019,40(3):626-635.
[9] 吴顺林,刘汉斌,李宪文,等.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油水平井细分切割缝控压裂实验与应用[J].钻采工艺,2020,43(3):53-55.
WU Shunlin,LIU Hanbin,LI Xianwen,et al.Test and application of subdivision fracture control fracturing for tight oil horizontal wells in Ordos Basin[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2020,43(3):53-55.
[10] 胥云,雷群,陈铭,等.体积改造技术理论研究进展与发展方向[J].石油勘探与开发, 2018,45(5):874-887.
XU Yun,LEI Qun,CHEN Ming,et al.Progress and development of volume stimulation techniques[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018,45(5):874-887.
[11] 李士祥,牛小兵,柳广弟,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段页岩油形成富集机理[J].石油与天然气地质,2020,41(4):719-729.
LI Shixiang,NIU Xiaobing,LIU Guangdi,et al.Formation and accumulation mechanism of shale oil in the 7th Member of Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2020,41(4):719-729.
[12] 付金华,郭雯,李士祥,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长7段多类型页岩油特征及勘探潜力[J].天然气地球科学,2021,32(12):719-729.
FU Jinhua,GUO Wen,LI Shixiang,et al.Characteristics and exploration potential of muti-type shale oil in the 7th Member of Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2021,32(12):719-729.
[13] 李树同,李士祥,刘江艳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长7段纯泥页岩型页岩油研究中的若干问题与思考[J].天然气地球科学,2021,32(12):1785-1796.
LI Shutong,LI Shixiang,LIU Jiangyan,et al.Some problems and thoughts on the study of pure shale-type shale oil in the 7th Member of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2021,32(12):1785-1796.
[14] 舒志恒,方栋梁,郑爱维,等.四川盆地焦石坝地区龙马溪组一段上部页岩气层地质特征及开发潜力[J].天然气地球科学,2020,31(3):393-401.
SHU Zhiheng,FANG Dongliang,ZHENG Aiwei,et al.Geological characteristics and development potential of upper shale gas reservoirs of the 1st Member of Longmaxi Formation in Jiaoshiba Area,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2020,31(3):393-401.
[15] 刘博,徐刚,纪拥军,等.页岩油水平井体积压裂及微地震监测技术实践[J].岩性油气藏,2020,32(6):172-180.
LIU Bo,XU Gang,JI Yongjun,et al.Practice of volume fracturing and microseismic monitoring technology in horizontal wells of shale oil[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2020,32(6):172-180.
[16] 张矿生,唐梅荣,杜现飞,等.鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油水平井体积压裂改造策略思考[J].天然气地球科学,2021,32(12):1859-1866.
ZHANG Kuangsheng,TANG Meirong,DU Xianfei,et al.Considerations on the strategy of volume fracturing for shale oil horizontal wells in Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2021,32(12):1859-1866.
[17] 赵金洲,任岚,沈骋,等.页岩气储层缝网压裂理论与技术研究新进展[J].天然气工业,2018,38(3):1-14.
ZHAO Jinzhou,REN Lan,SHEN Cheng,et al.Latest research progresses in network fracturing theories and technologies for shale gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(3):1-14.
[18] 任岚,赵金洲,林然,等.页岩压裂水平井增产改造体积的动态演化模型[J].应用数学与力学,2018,39(10):1100-1113.
REN Lan,ZHAO Jinzhou,LIN Ran,et al.A dynamic evolution model for the stimulated reservoir volume of the staged fractured horizontal well in shale gas reservoir[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2018,39(10):1100-1113.
[19] 路千里.基于相场法的页岩水力压裂裂缝扩展规律研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2018.
LU Qianli.Study on fracture propagation law of shale hydraulic fracturing based on phase field method[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2018.
[20] 马俊修,兰正凯,王丽荣,等.有效改造体积压裂效果评价方法及应用[J].特种油气藏,2021,28(5):126-133.
MA Junxiu,LAN Zhengkai,WANG Lirong,et al.Evaluation method and application of ESRV fracturing effect[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2021,28(5):126-133.
[21] 焦方正.鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油缝网波及研究及其在体积开发中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2021,42(5):1181-1187.
JIAO Fangzheng.FSV estimation and its application to development of shale oil via volume fracturing in the Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2021,42(5):1181-1187.
[22] 马文忠,王勇宏,张三,等.鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区长7段页岩油储层微观特征及控制因素[J].天然气地球科学,2021,32(12):1810-1821.
MA Wenzhong,WANG Yonghong,ZHANG San,et al.Microscopic characteristics and controlling factors of Chang7 Member shale oil reservoir in northern Shaanxi Area,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2021,32(12):1810-1821.
[23] 张斌,毛治国,张忠义,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系长7段黑色页岩形成环境及其对页岩油富集段的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2021,48(6):1127-1136.
ZHANG Bin,MAO Zhiguo,ZHANG Zhongyi,et al.Black shale formation environment and its control on shale oil enrichment in Triassic Chang7 Member,Ordos Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2021,48(6):1127-1136.
[24] 郭建春,陶亮,胡克剑,等.页岩储层水相渗吸作用规律实验[J].石油学报,2022,43(9):1295-1304.
GUO Jianchun,TAO Liang,HU Kejian,et al.Experiment on imbibition law of aqueous phase in shale reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2022,43(9):1295-1304.
[25] 谢建勇,袁珍珠,代兵,等.页岩油储层层理缝渗吸机制和渗吸模式[J].特种油气藏,2021,28(5):161-167.
XIE Jianyong,YUAN Zhenzhu,DAI Bing, et al.Imbibition mechanism and model of bedding fractures in shale oil reservoir[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2021,28(5):161-167.
[26] WASHBURN E W.The dynamics of capillary flow[J].Physical Review,1921,17(3):273-283.
[27] ZENG Fanhui,ZHAN Qiang,GUO Jianchun,et al.Capillary imbibition of confined water in nanopores[J].Capillarity,2020,3(1):8-15.
[28] 郭建春,陶亮,陈迟,等.川南龙马溪组页岩储层水相渗吸规律[J].计算物理,2021,38(5):565-572.
GUO Jianchun,TAO Liang,CHEN Chi,et al.Water imbibition law of Longmaxi Formation shale in the south of Sichuan Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2021,38(5):565-572.
[29] 董鹏,陈志明,于伟.压裂后页岩油藏多裂缝直井产能模型:以鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油井为例[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2022,41(1):155-165.
DONG Peng,CHEN Zhiming,YU Wei. Study on productivity model for multiple-fracture vertical well in shale oil reservoirs after fractured:a case of shale oil wells in Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2022,41(1):155-165.
[30] 仉涛,郭智奇,刘财,等.盐间页岩油韵律层地震响应模拟及页岩薄储层厚度预测[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2022,52(1):281-291.
Zhang Tao,Guo Zhiqi,Liu Cai,et al. Seismic responses simulation of inter-salt shale oil rhythm formation and prediction of layer thickness of thin shale reservoirs [J].Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition),2022,52(1): 281-291.
[31] 何文渊.松辽盆地古龙页岩油储层黏土中纳米孔和纳米缝的发现及其意义[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2022,41(3):1-13.
HE Wenyuan.Discovery and significance of nano pores and nano fractures of clay in Gulong shale oil reservoir in Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2022,41(3):1-13.
[32] 秦江,宋凯,文华,等. 纳米低密度水泥浆体系在页岩油水平井固井中的应用[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2021,18(2):55-61.
QIN Jiang,SONG Kai,WEN Hua,et al. Application of nano low density cement slurry system in horizontal well cementing of shale oil [J].Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition),2021,18(2):55-61.
[33] 蒙启安,林铁锋,张金友,等.页岩油原位成藏过程及油藏特征:以松辽盆地古龙页岩油为例[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2022,41(3):24-37.
MENG Qi′an,LIN Tiefeng,ZHANG Jinyou,et al.In-situ accumulation process and reservoir characteristics of shale oil:a case study of Gulong shale oil in Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2022,41(3):24-37.
[34] 李小龙,孙伟.页岩油储层“七性”关系评价研究——以苏北盆地溱潼凹陷阜宁组二段为例[J].非常规油气,2022,9(6):34-41.
LI Xiaolong,SUN Wei.Research on seven properties relationship evaluation of shale oil reservoir a case study of the second member of Funing Formation in Qintong Sag of Subei Basin[J].Unconventional Oil & Gas,2022,9(6):34-41.