营尔凹陷下沟组异常高压特征及其控藏作用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对营尔凹陷下沟组地层异常高压发育特征不清及其控藏作用不明等问题,基于实测地层压力数据,利用盆地模拟技术,结合测井、地球化学、储层物性等资料,分析了异常高压的分布特征、演化规律、成因机制,明确其对储层物性、油气运聚、有机质演化的影响。结果表明:营尔凹陷下沟组异常高压普遍发育,纵向上分带特征明显,横向上从西向东异常高压顶界面逐渐变深,平面上不同构造带异常高压发育层位和幅度明显不同;压力演化与构造运动具有同步性,经历中沟组沉积前、中沟组沉积末、古近系沉积前、新近系沉积前、第四系至今5个演化阶段,最终形成北弱南强的异常高压特征;研究区异常高压的形成机制包括不均衡欠压实、生烃、黏土矿物脱水和超压传递作用;异常高压可减缓压实作用对储层物性的破坏,对储层物性的改善起积极作用;异常高压提供油气运移动力,控制油气运移方向和分布范围,还可抑制有机质生成和烃类物质的演化,拓宽生油窗。研究成果指明长沙岭构造带是油气运聚成藏的有利区,对营尔凹陷下沟组油气勘探具有一定的指导作用。

关键词: 异常高压, 发育特征, 成因机制, 油气成藏, 下沟组, 营尔凹陷

Abstract: To addressthe issues of unclear development characteristics of abnormal high pressure and unclear control of reservoir in Xiagou Formation of Ying′er Sag,based on the measured formation pressure data,the distribution characteristics,evolution law and genetic mechanism of abnormal high pressure were analyzed by using basin simulation technology,combined with logging,geochemistry and reservoir physical properties,and its influence on reservoir physical properties,oil and gas migration and accumulation,and organic matter evolution was clarified.The results show that the abnormal high pressure of Xiagou Formation in Ying′er Sag is generally developed,and the characteristics of vertical zoning are obvious.The top interface of abnormal high pressure gradually deepens from west to east,and the development horizon and amplitude of abnormal high pressure in different structural belts are obviously different.The pressure evolution and tectonic movement are synchronous.It has experienced five evolution stages:before the deposition of Zhonggou Formation,at the end of Zhonggou Formation,before the deposition of Paleogene,before the deposition of Neogene,and from Quaternary to present,and finally formed the characteristics of anomalous high pressure in the north and strong in the south.The formation mechanism of abnormal high pressure in the study area includes four kinds of effects:unbalanced undercompaction,hydrocarbon generation,clay mineral dehydration and overpressure transmission.Abnormal high pressure can slow down the damage of compaction to reservoir physical properties and play a positive role in improving reservoir physical properties.Abnormal high pressure provides the driving force for oil and gas migration,controls the direction and distribution range of oil and gas migration,and also inhibits the formation of organic matter and the evolution of hydrocarbon substances,and broadens the oil generation window.The research results indicate that the Changshaling tectonic belt is a favorable area for oil and gas migration and accumulation,which has a certain guiding role in the oil and gas exploration of Xiagou Formation in Ying′er Sag.

Key words: abnormal high pressure, developmental characteristics, genetic mechanism, hydrocarbon accumulation, Xiagou Formation, Ying′er Sag

中图分类号:

TE122

肖文华, 高吉宏, 魏浩元, 魏军, 周在华, 吴海红, 高旭嘉, 赵旭. 营尔凹陷下沟组异常高压特征及其控藏作用[J]. 特种油气藏, 2025, 32(1): 40-50.

XIAO Wenhua, GAO Jihong, WEI Haoyuan, WEI Jun, ZHOU Zaihua, WU Haihong, GAO Xujia, ZHAO Xu. Characteristics of abnormal high pressure and its controlling role on hydrocarbon accumulation in Xiagou Formation of the Ying′er Sag[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2025, 32(1): 40-50.

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