中深层低渗透稠油油藏注CO2微观渗流实验

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.01.011

特种油气藏 ›› 2026, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 94-102.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.01.011

中深层低渗透稠油油藏注CO₂微观渗流实验

吴洋¹, 周翔¹, 孙新革², 董宏², 赵玉龙¹, 张烈辉¹, 蒋琪¹

1.西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室,四川成都 610500;
2.中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆克拉玛依 834099

收稿日期:2024-07-08 修回日期:2025-11-01 出版日期:2026-02-25 发布日期:2026-06-22
通讯作者: 周翔(1986—),男,副教授,2009年毕业于长江大学石油工程专业,2019年毕业于加拿大里贾纳大学石油系统工程专业,获博士学位,现从事非常规油气田提高采收率工作。
作者简介:吴洋(1998—),男,工程师,2021年毕业于西南石油大学石油工程专业,2024年毕业于该校石油与天然气工程专业,获硕士学位,现从事油气田开发研究工作。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(企业联合)“多元供氢体系协同纳米催化剂定向裂解重油强化开采机理与方法研究”(U22B20145)

Micro-scale percolation experiments of CO₂ injection in mid-deep low-permeability heavy oil reservoirs

WU Yang¹, ZHOU Xiang¹, SUN Xin'ge², DONG Hong², ZHAO Yulong¹, ZHANG Liehui¹, JIANG Qi¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China;
2. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China

Received:2024-07-08 Revised:2025-11-01 Online:2026-02-25 Published:2026-06-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对中深层低渗透稠油油藏热采开发效益不佳、CO₂前置蓄能压裂增产机理不明的问题,采用微观可视化模型及核磁共振仪,开展注CO₂微观增产机理实验,从微观渗流机制、提高采收率机理及剩余油空间展布规律等方面,深入探讨了注气相态、蓄能压裂对注CO₂提高采收率的影响。实验表明:原油采收率与CO₂注入压力成正相关关系,压力越高,波及体积越大,对剩余油动用程度越强;随注气周期增加,岩心大孔中原油采收率贡献率达到95%以上,小孔中盲端剩余油逐渐被动用,压力越高对小孔中剩余油动用程度越大;蓄能压裂后,注入压力为14.20 MPa时,累计驱油效率达到70.20%,开发效果最佳;CO₂前置蓄能压裂前,单周期换油率随吞吐周期增加而增大,累计换油率与注气压力成负相关关系;压裂措施实施后,稠油采收率明显提高,累计换油率由0.50提升至0.66。研究成果有助于厘清中深层低渗透稠油油藏注CO₂开发渗流特征、提高采收率机理和剩余油空间展布规律,对中深层稠油油藏注CO₂前置蓄能高效开发具有指导意义。

关键词: 中深层稠油, 注CO₂开发, 增产机理, 渗流特征, 蓄能压裂

Abstract: In response to the poor thermal recovery efficiency and the insufficient understanding of the mechanisms of production enhancement by CO₂-prefixed energy-storage fracturing in mid-deep low permeability heavy oil reservoirs,a microscopic visualization model and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)instrumentation were employed to conduct micro-scale CO₂ injection experiments.Investigations were made concerning the effect of the injected gas phase and energy-storage fracturing on recovery enhancement by CO₂ injection from the perspectives of micro-scale percolation mechanisms,production enhancement mechanisms,and the spatial distribution patterns of remaining oil.Experimental results indicated that the oil recovery factor increased with CO₂ injection pressure:higher pressure resulted in a larger swept volume and stronger stripping of remaining oil.As the gas injection cycle increased,the contribution of oil recovery from large pores in the core exceeded 95%,while the end-pore residual oil in small pores was gradually mobilized;higher pressure led to greater mobilization of remaining oil in small pores.After energy-storage fracturing,at an injection pressure of 14.20 MPa,the cumulative oil displacement efficiency reached 70.20%,yielding the highest development efficiency.Prior to CO₂-prefixed energy-storage fracturing,the single-cycle oil-exchange efficiency increased with the number of injection-production cycles,and the cumulative exchange efficiency was negatively correlated with injection pressure;after fracturing,heavy oil recovery clearly improved,with cumulative exchange efficiency rising from 0.50 to 0.66.These findings help clarify the flow characteristics,recovery enhancement mechanisms,and remaining oil distribution patterns in CO₂-injected mid-deep low-permeability heavy oil reservoirs,and offer guidance for efficient development in CO₂-prefixed energy-storage fracturing.

Key words: mid-deep heavy oil, CO₂ injection development, production enhancement mechanism, percolation characteristics, energy-storage fracturing

中图分类号:

TE135

吴洋, 周翔, 孙新革, 董宏, 赵玉龙, 张烈辉, 蒋琪. 中深层低渗透稠油油藏注CO₂微观渗流实验[J]. 特种油气藏, 2026, 33(1): 94-102.

WU Yang, ZHOU Xiang, SUN Xin'ge, DONG Hong, ZHAO Yulong, ZHANG Liehui, JIANG Qi. Micro-scale percolation experiments of CO₂ injection in mid-deep low-permeability heavy oil reservoirs[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2026, 33(1): 94-102.

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中深层低渗透稠油油藏注CO₂微观渗流实验

Micro-scale percolation experiments of CO₂ injection in mid-deep low-permeability heavy oil reservoirs

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