注汽井环空氮气隔热工艺优化方法与实践

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.04.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在稠油热采过程中,若注汽井的环空隔热措施应用不当,易诱发注汽热量损耗大、井口抬升、套管损坏、井筒腐蚀等热注技术问题。为此,以热注井完井结构为依据,综合运用传热学、流体力学基本原理构建了环空临界氮气注入排量模型,并对环空临界氮气注入排量影响因素进行分析,提出了热注井环空注氮隔热工艺优化方法。结果表明:不同井型条件下,水平井与定向井相比环空热阻更大,所需的临界氮气注入排量更高;随压力、蒸汽排量和蒸汽干度增大,所需的临界氮气注入排量增大;随隔热管长度、隔热管导热系数增大,所需的临界氮气注入排量迅速降低;此外,增加环空间隔封隔,所需的临界氮气注入排量呈线性减小。通过简化环空临界氮气注入排量模型、设计封隔装置、优化完井管柱、降低注入压力等措施综合优化设计,环空注氮隔热工艺的氮气注入排量降幅超过75%。该研究可为热注井提高蒸汽热利用率、降低套管损坏率等提供关键理论指导。

关键词: 蒸汽热注井, 环空, 临界氮气注入排量, 隔热工艺, 优化设计

Abstract: During heavy-oil thermal recovery,improper application of annular thermal-insulation measures in steam-injection wells can readily induce technical problems in thermal injection,such as large steam-injection heat loss,wellhead uplift,casing damage,and wellbore corrosion.Therefore,based on the completion structure of thermal-injection wells and by comprehensively applying the basic principles of heat transfer and fluid mechanics,a model for the critical annular nitrogen injection rate was constructed.The factors influencing the critical annular nitrogen injection rate were analyzed,and an optimization method for annular nitrogen-injection thermal-insulation technology in thermal-injection wells was proposed.The results show that under different well-type conditions,horizontal wells have greater annular thermal resistance than directional wells and require higher critical nitrogen injection rates.The required critical nitrogen injection rate increases with increasing pressure,steam injection rate,and steam quality.With increases in the length and thermal conductivity of insulated tubing,the required critical nitrogen injection rate decreases rapidly.In addition,increasing interval pack-off in the annulus causes the required critical nitrogen injection rate to decrease linearly.Through integrated optimization design measures,such as simplifying the model for critical annular nitrogen injection rate,designing pack-off devices,optimizing the completion string,and reducing injection pressure,the nitrogen injection rate of the annular nitrogen-injection thermal-insulation technology was reduced by more than 75%.This study provides key theoretical guidance for improving steam heat-utilization efficiency and reducing the casing-damage rate in thermal-injection wells.

Key words: steam thermal-injection well, annulus, critical nitrogen injection rate, thermal-insulation technology, optimization design

中图分类号:

TE357.44

郭斌建. 注汽井环空氮气隔热工艺优化方法与实践[J]. 特种油气藏, 2026, 33(4): 139-145.

Guo Binjian. Optimization method and practice of annular nitrogen thermal-insulation technology for steam-injection wells[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2026, 33(4): 139-145.

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