超深裂缝性地层直推法压井参数设计方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.03.017

特种油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 142-149.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.03.017

超深裂缝性地层直推法压井参数设计方法

赵海建¹, 李大伟¹, 魏斯壮², 王雪松³, 吴广⁴, 李庆峰⁵

1.中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津 300450;
2.中国海洋石油集团有限公司,北京 100010;
3.中海油田服务股份有限公司,海南海口 570100;
4.中海油田服务股份有限公司,天津 300450;
5.西南石油大学,四川成都 610500

收稿日期:2023-10-21 修回日期:2025-02-14 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-08
作者简介:赵海建(1989—),男,工程师,2010年毕业于西南石油大学石油工程专业,2013年毕业于该校石油与天然气工程专业,获硕士学位,现从事钻完井工程方面的研究工作。
基金资助:
中国海油海上钻完井液与固井重点实验室2023年自主基础前瞻研究课题(KJQZ-2023-0002)

Design method for well-killing parameters in ultra-deep fractured formations using direct-push method

ZHAO Haijian¹, LI Dawei¹, WEI Sizhuang², WANG Xuesong³, WU Guang⁴, LI Qingfeng⁵

1. CNOOC (China) Tianjin Company, Tianjin 300450, China;
2. China National Offshore Oil Corporation, Beijing 100010, China;
3. China Oilfield Services Limited, Haikou, Hainan 570100, China;
4. China Oilfield Services Limited, Tianjin 300450, China;
5. Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China

Received:2023-10-21 Revised:2025-02-14 Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-07-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对超深裂缝性地层直推法压井参数计算不合理,导致施工安全风险较大的问题,基于渗流理论、井筒续流理论和气液两相流理论,对压井前井筒内流体的初始分布状态、压井过程中井筒和地层的压力变化规律、压井液密度及排量设计方法等开展了研究,并建立了双梯度压井液密度计算方法与最小压井液排量计算方法。研究表明:压井前考虑溢流循环、关井续流及关井滑脱3个过程,结合漂移流动模型,能够更准确地计算气液两相流高度与持气率;以储层保护为目标提出的双梯度压井液密度设计方法,能够减少推入地层中的钻井液量,大幅降低储层污染风险;综合高井口回压与气液逆流条件下气泡滑脱的特点,以小气泡滑脱速度计算直推法最小压井液排量,更符合实际。双梯度压井液密度设计方法和最小压井液排量计算方法与实际压井案例及全尺寸实验进行了对比验证,误差均在20%以内,表明该压井参数设计方法科学合理。该研究方法及结果可为现场工程师采用直推法压井时提供技术参考。

关键词: 压井, 直推法, 气液两相流, 气泡滑脱, 超深储层, 裂缝性地层

Abstract: To address the issue of unreasonable well-killing parameter calculations for the direct-push method in ultra-deep fractured formations, which leads to significant construction safety risks, research, based on seepage theory, wellbore afterflow theory, and gas-liquid two-phase flow theory, has been conducted to investigate the initial distribution state of fluids in the wellbore before well-killing, the pressure variation patterns in the wellbore and formation during well-killing, and the design methods for well-killing fluid density and displacement. Additionally, a dual-gradient well-killing fluid density calculation method and a minimum well-killing fluid displacement calculation method have been established. The study shows that considering overflow circulation, shut-in afterflow, and shut-in slippage before well-killing, and using a drift flow model, it more accurately calculates the height and gas holdup of gas-liquid two-phase flow. The dual-gradient killing fluid density design method proposed with the goal of reservoir protection can reduce the amount of drilling fluid pushed into the formation and significantly lower the risk of reservoir contamination. By integrating the characteristics of bubble slippage under high wellhead backpressure and counter-current gas-liquid flow conditions, the minimum killing fluid displacement for the direct-push method is calculated based on the slippage velocity of small bubbles, which is more practical. The dual-gradient killing fluid density design method and the minimum killing fluid displacement calculation method have been compared and verified with actual well-killing cases and full-scale experiments, with errors all within 20%, indicating that the well-killing parameter design method is scientific and rational. This research method and its results can provide technical references for field engineers when using the direct-push method for well killing.

Key words: well-killing, direct-push method, gas-liquid two-phase flow, bubble slippage, ultra-deep reservoir, fractured formation

中图分类号:

TE257

赵海建, 李大伟, 魏斯壮, 王雪松, 吴广, 李庆峰. 超深裂缝性地层直推法压井参数设计方法[J]. 特种油气藏, 2025, 32(3): 142-149.

ZHAO Haijian, LI Dawei, WEI Sizhuang, WANG Xuesong, WU Guang, LI Qingfeng. Design method for well-killing parameters in ultra-deep fractured formations using direct-push method[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2025, 32(3): 142-149.

参考文献

[1] 李成,李伟,张文哲,等.延长油田陆相页岩气复杂地层水基钻井液优化及应用[J].非常规油气,2023,10(1):130-138.
LI Cheng,LI Wei,ZHANG Wenzhe,et al.Optimization and application of water-based drilling fluid for complex formation of continental shale gas in Yanchang Oilfield[J].Unconventional Oil & Gas,2023,10(1):130-138.
[2] 李军,杨宏伟,陈旺,等.超深井自动控制压井室内物理模拟试验及结果分析[J].石油钻探技术,2024,52(2):31-37.
LI Jun,YANG Hongwei,CHEN Wang,et al.Physical simulation experiment and result analysis of automatically controlled killing in ultra-deep well[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2024,52(2):31-37.
[3] 张兴全,李相方,任美鹏,等.硬顶法井控技术研究[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(3):62-66.
ZHANG Xingquan,LI Xiangfang,REN Meipeng,et al.Research on the well control techniques of bullheading[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2012,40(3):62-66.
[4] 庹海洋.渤中A油田火成岩地层抗钻特性及钻井参数优化研究[J].非常规油气,2022,9(5):135-143.
TUO Haiyang.Research on anti-drilling characteristics and drilling parameters optimization of igneous formation in Bozhong A Oilfield[J].Unconventional Oil & Gas,2022,9(5):135-143.
[5] 王志远,梁沛智,陈科杉,等.深部地层智能压井多解性分析与优化策略[J].石油钻探技术,2024,52(2):136-145.
WANG Zhiyuan,LIANG Peizhi,CHEN Keshan,et al.Multi-solution analysis and optimization strategy for intelligent well killing in deep formation[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2024,52(2):136-145.
[6] 刘杰,陈晓华.大61-21井溢流的压井处理及其处理方法浅析[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2011,38(8):19-22.
LIU Jie,CHEN Xiaohua.Well killing for overflow of Da 61-21 Well and discussion on the treatment method[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2011,38(8):19-22.
[7] 孙晓峰,闫铁,王克林,等.压回法阶段压井数学模型与模拟分析[J].科技导报,2014,32(7):51-55.
SUN Xiaofeng,YAN Tie,WANG Kelin,et al.Staged well killing mathematical model and simulation for bullheading[J].Science & Technology Review,2014,32(7):51-55.
[8] 刘书杰,任美鹏,李相方,等.海上油田压回法压井参数变化规律及设计方法[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(5):71-77.
LIU Shujie,REN Meipeng,LI Xiangfang,et al.Parameter-changing pattern and design method of bullheading killing method in offshore oilfield[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(5):71-77.
[9] 尹虎,司孟菡,李黔,等.超深井溢流关井钻柱上顶机理及预防方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2018,45(6):1069-1074.
YIN Hu,SI Menghan,LI Qian,et al.Mechanism and prevention method of drill string up-lift during shut-in after overflow in an ultra-deep well[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018,45(6):1069-1074.
[10] 王彪,李军,杨宏伟,等.基于工程参数变化趋势的溢流早期智能检测方法[J].石油钻探技术,2024,52(5):145-153.
WANG Biao,LI Jun,YANG Hongwei,et al.An early intelligent kick detection method based on variation trend of engineering parameters[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2024,52(5):145-153.
[11] 李玉杰.考虑应力敏感和多尺度流动的页岩气渗流模型[J].非常规油气,2025,12(1):117-122.
LI Yujie.Shale gas flow model considering stress sensitivity and multi-scale flow[J].Unconventional Oil & Gas,2025,12(1):117-122.
[12] ZUBER N,FINDLAY J A.Average volumetric concentration in two-phase flow systems[J].Journal of Heat Transfer,1965,87(4):453-456.
[13] 孙伟峰,刘凯,张德志,等.结合钻井工况与Bi-GRU的溢流与井漏监测方法[J].石油钻探技术,2023,51(3):37-44.
SUN Weifeng,LIU Kai,ZHANG Dezhi,et al.A kick and lost circulation monitoring method combining Bi-GRU and drilling conditions[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2023,51(3):37-44.
[14] 蒋振新,李军,郭勇,等.井下双梯度控压钻井井筒多相流动规律[J].断块油气田,2024,31(5):936-944.
JIANG Zhenxin,LI Jun,GUO Yong,et al.Multiphase flow law in wellbore during downhole dual-gradient controlled pressure drilling[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2024,31(5):936-944.
[15] 朱志强,王永平,孟智强,等.裂缝性油藏精细裂缝表征及渗流机理研究[J].非常规油气,2023,10(5):121-126.
ZHU Zhiqiang,WANG Yongping,MENG Zhiqiang,et al.Study on fine fracture characterization and percolation mechanism of fractured reservoirs[J].Unconventional Oil & Gas,2023,10(5):121-126.
[16] 李相方,管丛笑,隋秀香,等.环形井眼气液两相流流动规律研究[J].水动力学研究与进展(A辑),1998,16(4):422-429.
LI Xiangfang,GUAN Congxiao,SUI Xiuxiang,et al.Study of gas rise velocities for upward gas-liquid flow in vertical annulus during drilling[J].Hydrodynamics Research and Progress(Series A),1998,16(4):422-429.
[17] 冯金德,程林松,李春兰.裂缝性低渗透油藏稳态渗流理论模型[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(3):316-318.
FENG Jinde,CHENG Linsong,LI Chunlan.A theoretical model of steady-state flow for naturally fractured low-permeability reservoir[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2006,27(3):316-318.
[18] 宫敬,严大凡.非牛顿管流摩阻计算方法的比较[J].石油规划设计,1994,5(3):28-32.
GONG Jing,YAN Dafan.Comparison of methods for head loss calculation in pipe flow of non-Newtonian fluids[J].Petroleum Planning and Engineering,1994,5(3):28-32.
[19] 张璐,张旭,赵航,等.深井钻井井控技术的探究[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2022,42(12):181-183.
ZHANG Lu,ZHANG Xu,ZHAO Hang,et al.Investigation on well control technology in deep well drilling[J].China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality,2022,42(12):181-183.
[20] HARMATHY T Z.Velocity of large drops and bubbles in media of infinite or restricted extent[J].AIChE Journal,1960,6(2):281-288.
[21] 公培斌.非常规压井水力参数设计[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2013.
GONG Peibin.Design of hydraulic parameters for unconventional well-killing[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum(East China),2013.
[22] 李昊.超临界条件下井筒环空多相流动规律研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2010.
LI Hao.Research on multiphase flow patterns in wellbore annulus under supercritical conditions[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum(East China),2010.
[23] 尹浚羽,周英操,张辉,等.钻井环空中赫-巴流体内气泡的上升速度[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(3):135-143.
YIN Junyu,ZHOU Yingcao,ZHANG Hui,et al.Bubble rise velocity in Herchel-Bulkley fluid of drilling annulus[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition),2016,38(3):135-143.
[24] KOEDERITZ W L.Gas kick behavior during bullheading operations in vertical wells.[D].Baton Rouge:Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College,1995.

超深裂缝性地层直推法压井参数设计方法

Design method for well-killing parameters in ultra-deep fractured formations using direct-push method

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 9

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	刘自龙, 钱萧, 刘超, 管桐, 王伟, 廖锐全. 倾斜管不同黏度气液两相段塞流持液率实验及预测方法[J]. 特种油气藏, 2024, 31(4): 156-162.
[2]	倪小明, 赵彦伟, 郭盛强, 何庆宏, 闫晋, 宋金星. 气液两相段塞流在裂隙中流动规律实验[J]. 特种油气藏, 2024, 31(3): 98-105.
[3]	高永德, 董洪铎, 胡益涛, 陈沛, 程乐利. 深水高温高压井钻井液当量循环密度预测模型及应用[J]. 特种油气藏, 2022, 29(3): 138-143.
[4]	冯金禹，闫铁，孙士慧，唐海燕，田龙. 欠平衡连续油管钻井中螺旋管段气液两相流摩阻压降特性研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2019, 26(4): 170-.
[5]	管九洲. 低压井负压冲砂强制排砂技术[J]. 特种油气藏, 2015, 22(1): 148-.
[6]	李君. 长岭火山岩气藏完井投产储层保护技术[J]. , 2012, 19(4): 1-.
[7]	张荣军陈军斌任月玲. 水平井筒中流型识别的数学方法[J]. , 2009, 16(2): 1-.
[8]	杨堃杨延明. 高凝油油藏定点测压井不停抽压力加密监测方法探讨[J]. , 1999, 6(4): 1-.
[9]	姜伟. 辽东湾 JZ20－2－S4 异常高压气井漏喷及其井控的处理[J]. , 1996, 3(2): 1-.