下生上储式与上生下储式油源断裂油气输导差异性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2022.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究不同生储盖组合的油气分布特征及规律,以下生上储式和上生下储式2个组合样式为例,在剖析油气运聚成藏模式及输导通道的基础上,通过油气分布与油源断裂油气通道特征关系对比,对2种组合样式的油源断裂运移油气特征的差异性进行研究。结果表明,其油气输导差异性特征主要体现在3个方面:①油气输导平面分布范围的差异性。下生上储式油源断裂排烃区内方可向上输导油气;而上生下储式油源断裂,只能在烃源岩超压值大于断裂向下输导油气所需的最小超压值的区域内,方可向下输导油气。②输导油气终止处和最大距离的差异性。下生上储式油源断裂向上输导油气终止处为封闭型区域性盖层处,封闭型区域性盖层底面至烃源岩顶面之间距离,为油源断裂向下输导油气的最大距离;而上生下储式油源断裂向下输导油气终止处应为输导动力与阻力相等处,该处至烃源岩底面之间距离为油源断裂向下输导油气的最大距离。③输导油气侧向分层运移砂体层位的差异性。下生上储式油源断裂输导油气侧向分层运移砂体层位是封闭性区域性盖层之下高砂地比的地层砂体;而上生下储式油源断裂向下输导油气侧向分层运移砂体层位是其向下输导油气终止处之上的所有砂体。研究成果可对不同生储盖组合的油气勘探提供理论依据。

关键词: 生储盖组合, 下生上储式, 上生下储式, 油源断裂, 输导油气, 特征差异性

Abstract: In order to study the characteristics and regularity of hydrocarbon distribution of different source-reservoir-cap assemblages, two assemblages (lower-source and upper-reservoir model and upper-source and lower-reservoir model) were studied for the difference in oil and gas transport characteristics of oil source fault on the basis of the analysis on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation pattern and transport channels and the comparison on characteristics of hydrocarbon distribution and transport channels in oil source fault. The results showed that the characteristics of oil and gas transport were mainly different in the following three aspects. 1) Difference in the plane distribution range of oil and gas transport: the oil and gas were transported within the hydrocarbon expulsion zone of lower-source and upper-reservoir oil source faults, while the oil and gas in upper-source and lower-reservoir oil source faults were transported downwards only when the overpressure value of the source rock was greater than the minimum overpressure required for the downward transport of oil and gas. 2) Difference in the end point and maximum distance of oil and gas transport: The upward transport of oil and gas in the lower-source and upper-reservoir oil source faults was ended at the closed regional caprock, and the distance between the bottom of closed regional caprock and the top of source rock was the maximum distance of downward oil and gas transport of the oil source fault; the downward transport of oil and gas in the upper-source and lower-reservoir oil source faults was ended at the site where the transport power was equal to the resistance, and the distance between such site and the source rock bottom was the maximum distance of downward oil and gas transport of the oil source fault. 3) Difference in horizons for lateral layered sandbody migration in oil and gas transport: The horizon of lateral layered sandbody migration in oil and gas transport of lower-source and upper-reservoir oil source faults was at the layer with high sandstone thickness/ formation thickness ratio under the closed regional caprock; the horizon of lateral layered sandbody migration in downward oil and gas transport of lower-reservoir and upper-source oil source faults was at all sandbodies above the end of its downward transport of oil and gas. The results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for oil and gas exploration in different source-reservoir-cap assemblages.

Key words: source-reservoir-cap assemblage, lower-source and upper-reservoir model, upper-source and lower-reservoir model, oil source fault, hydrocarbon transport, characteristic difference

中图分类号:

TE122.1

沙子萱, 于丹, 付广. 下生上储式与上生下储式油源断裂油气输导差异性[J]. 特种油气藏, 2022, 29(2): 9-15.

Sha Zixuan, Yu Dan, Fu Guang. Difference in Oil and Gas Transport between Lower-Source and Upper-Reservoir and Upper-Source and Lower-Reservoir Oil Source Faults[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2022, 29(2): 9-15.

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