稠油油藏注蒸汽开发过程中存在蒸汽窜流现象,严重影响注蒸汽开发的效果。然而,目前对高周期蒸汽吞吐后井间汽窜通道的描述与汽窜程度的评价均无量化指标,造成现场汽窜治理措施方案的设计缺乏针对性与适应性。针对该问题,利用物理模拟方法研究了稠油蒸汽吞吐开发过程中汽窜通道形成的原因与机制,通过可视化实验得到了汽窜通道宏观及微观形态,建立了一套蒸汽吞吐井间窜流通道的定量计算理论模型及汽窜程度评价方法。在此基础上,针对河南油田井楼一区北部楼1917井区油藏物性与汽窜现状进行了汽窜通道的参数计算,进一步开展了汽窜治理措施优化。研究表明:井间汽窜发生后,窜流通道占据主流通道,平面波及范围整体呈“楔状”分布,平面波及系数约为43.16%,汽窜通道迂曲率约为1.2,总数量约为4~5条,渗透率增幅平均为3~5倍,平均直径约为368 μm,汽窜通道体积约占波及体积的8.5%。2020年至今,现场实施汽窜治理技术220井次,累计产油3.14×104 t,累计增油5 327 t,阶段油汽比为0.27,提高采收率3.5个百分点,产出投入比达1.9∶1.0。该技术得到规模推广应用,并取得了较好的开发效果和经济效益,为稠油油藏效益开发提供了理论支撑。
Steam channeling occurs during steam injection development of heavy oil reservoirs, severely impacting the effectiveness of steam injection development. However, there are currently no quantitative indicators for describing inter-well steam channeling pathways after multi-cycle steam huff and puff or for evaluating the degree of channeling, resulting in non-targeted and non-adaptive designs for on-site steam channeling control measures. To address this problem, physical simulation methods were used to study the causes and mechanisms of steam channeling pathway formation during heavy oil steam huff and puff development. The macro and micro morphology of steam channeling pathways were obtained through visualization experiments. A set of quantitative calculation theoretical models for inter-well channeling pathways in steam huff and puff and a method for evaluating the degree of steam channeling were established. Based on this, parameter calculations for steam channeling pathways were performed considering the reservoir properties and current steam channeling status in the Lou 1917 well block, northern area of Jinglou Block 1, Henan Oilfield. Further optimization of steam channeling control measures was conducted. The study results show that the channeling pathways dominate the main flow paths after inter-well steam channeling occurs. The areal sweep coverage overall exhibits a "wedge-shaped" distribution, with an areal sweep efficiency of approximately 43.16%. The steam channeling pathways show a tortuosity of about 1.2, with a total number of approximately 4-5. The permeability increase averages 3-5 times, the average diameter is about 368 μm, and the volume of steam channeling pathways accounts for about 8.5% of the swept volume. Since 2020, On-site implementation of steam channeling control technology reached 220 well-times. Cumulative oil production was 3.14×104 t, with a cumulative incremental oil of 5 327 t. The stage oil-steam ratio was 0.27, the recovery factor increased by 3.5 percentage points, and the output-input ratio reached 1.9∶1.0. this technology has been scaled up for application, achieving good development results and economic benefits, providing theoretical and technical support for the profitable development of heavy oil reservoirs.
[1] 马瑞,王庆魁,季岭,等.深层低渗稠油油藏降黏剂驱剩余油分布规律及智能识别应用[J].科学技术与工程.2025,25(4):1412-1418.
MA Rui,WANG Qingkui,JI Ling,et al.Residual oil distribution pattern of viscosity-reducing flooding in heavy oil reservoirs with deep low permeability and application of intelligent identification[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2025,25(4):1412-1418.
[2] 邵国林.特稠油驱泄复合开发蒸汽腔扩展机制与注采经济技术界限[J].油气地质与采收率.2025,32(3):134-144.
SHAO Guolin.Expansion mechanism of steam chamber and technical-economic limits of injection-production for viscous oil development by drive-drainage compound method[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2025,32(3):134-144.
[3] 徐宏光,束青林,曹嫣镔,等.稠油油藏化学降黏驱全耦合数值模拟方法[J].科学技术与工程.2023,23(33):14201-14210.
XU Hongguang,SHU Qinglin,CAO Yanbin,et al.Full coupling numerical simulation of chemical viscosity reduction flooding in heavy oil reservoir[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2023,23(33):14201-14210.
[4] 周鹰.稠油重力泄水辅助蒸汽驱蒸汽超覆研究[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(4):99-102.
ZHOU Ying.Study on steam overlay in gravity drainage assisted steam flooding for heavy oil development[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(4):99-102.
[5] WAITE M W,SIGIT Rusdinadar,RUSDIBIYO A V,et al.Application of seismic monitoring to manage an early-stage steamflood[C].SPE37564-PA,1997:277-283.
[6] ABDUS S,PARRISH D R.A two-dimensional analysis of reservoir heating by steam injection[J].SPE Journal,1971,11(2):185-197.
[7] YORTSOS Y C.Distribution of fluid phases within the steam zone in steam-injection processes[J].SPE Journal,1984,24(4):458-466.
[8] JANKOVIC M S.Analytical model of steam zone propagation in porous media[J].Transport in Porous Media,1993,13(3):277-299.
[9] 郑家朋,东晓虎,刘慧卿,等.稠油油藏注蒸汽开发汽窜特征研究[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(6):72-75.
ZHENG Jiapeng,DONG Xiaohu,LIU Huiqing,et al.Study on steam channeling characteristics in steam injection development of heavy oil reservoirs[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(6):72-75.
[10] 吴克柳,李相方,全一平,等.稠油油藏蒸汽驱开发蒸汽突破预测模型[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(2):538-544.
WU Keliu,LI Xiangfang,QUAN Yiping,et al.Forecast model for steam breakthrough during steam drive exploration of inspissated pool[J].Systems Engineering - Theory & Practice,2014,34(2):538-544.
[11] HE Congge,XU Anzhu,FAN Zifei,et al.Advanced mathematical model for reservoir heat efficiency with liquid in steam-injection wellbore[J].Energy Sources,Part A:Recovery,Utilization,and Environmental Effects,2019,41(1):65-77.
[12] 顾启林,宋宏志,林涛,等.海上稠油热采井新型隔热油管扶正器的研制与应用[J].特种油气藏,2025,32(2):162-167.
GU Qilin,SONG Hongzhi,LIN Tao,et al.Development and application of a new type of insulated tubing centralizer for offshore heavy oil thermal production wells[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2025,32(2):162-167.
[13] 涂乙,戴建文,杨娇,等.南海东部典型稠油油藏沥青质沉积对开发效果的影响研究[J].油气地质与采收率.2025,32(3):145-153.
TU Yi,DAI Jianwen,YANG Jiao,et al.Impact study of asphaltene deposition on development performance in typical heavy oil reservoirs in eastern South China Sea[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2025,32(3):145-153.
[14] 李步林,张胜飞,王强,等.石油酸含量对稠油流体性质影响实验[J].特种油气藏,2024,31(1):116-122.
LI Bulin,ZHANG Shengfei,WANG Qiang,et al.Experimental study on influence of petroleum acid content on heavy oil fluid properties[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2024,31(1):116-122.
[15] 姚秀田,盖平原,张兆祥,等.稠油蒸汽驱见汽时间表征指标及预测方法[J].科学技术与工程.2025,25(8):3181-3189.
YAO Xiutian,GAI Pingyuan,ZHANG Zhaoxiang,et al.Characterization indicators and prediction methods of steam breakthrough time in heavy oil steam flooding[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2025,25(8):3181-3189.
[16] 夏鹏辉,吴景春,吴松艳,等.新型颗粒封堵剂及交替调剖的研究与应用[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2017,30(4):23-26,96.
XIA Penghui,WU Jingchun,WU Songyan,et al.Research and application of a new type of particle profile control agent and profile control[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2017,30(4):23-26,96.
[17] CHEN Yingjie,ZHOU Kang,AN Zhibin,et al.Phased optimization of multi-thermal fluid flooding for enhanced oil recovery[J].Geoenergy Science and Engineering,2025,244:213395.
[18] ZHAO Guang,DAI Caili,GU Chenglin,et al.Expandable graphite particles as a novel in-depth steam channeling control agent in heavy oil reservoirs[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2019,368:668-677.
[19] 朱明,姚凯,叶惠民,等.高温氮气泡沫调剖技术在Girasol油田的应用[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(2):137-139,158.
ZHU Ming,YAO Kai,YE Huimin,et al.Application of high temperature nitrogen foam profile control technology in Girasol Oilfield[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(2):137-139,158.
[20] 才力,刘庆旺,范振忠,等.稠油含油污泥凝固剂研制与性能评价[J].特种油气藏,2024,31(1):137-143.
CAI Li,LIU Qingwang,FAN Zhenzhong,et al.Development and performance evaluation of oily sludge coagulant for heavy oil production[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2024,31(1):137-143.
[21] 李兆敏,赵心茹,班晓春,等.水平井蒸汽吞吐注汽筛管位置调整时机优化研究[J].特种油气藏,2021,28(5):93-99.
LI Zhaomin,ZHAO Xinru,BAN Xiaochun,et al.Study on optimization of position adjustment occasion of steam injection screen pipe for steam stimulation in horizontal wells[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2021,28(5):93-99.
[22] 石楠.热采水平井均衡注汽机理研究与工艺优化[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2016.
SHI Nan.Research on balanced steam injection mechanism and process optimization for thermal recovery horizontal wells[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2016.
辽公网安备 21110002000031号 辽ICP备18011648号-1
