多周期蒸汽吞吐井间汽窜评价方法及治理对策

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.04.013

特种油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 112-121.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.04.013

多周期蒸汽吞吐井间汽窜评价方法及治理对策

王泊¹, 李德儒¹, 唐磊², 李长宏¹, 赵长喜¹, 郝丽娜¹, 曲涵³, 邓浩坤¹

1.中国石化河南油田分公司,河南南阳 473000;
2.中国石油化工股份有限公司油田勘探开发事业部,北京 100020;
3.泰国先皇理工大学,泰国曼谷 10700

收稿日期:2025-04-21 修回日期:2025-06-26 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-03
作者简介:王泊(1973—),男,高级工程师,1995年毕业于西安石油学院采油工程专业,2009年毕业于西安石油大学石油与天然气工程专业,获硕士学位,现主要从事稠油热采开发技术、油藏与工艺一体化提高采收率方面的研究工作。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金“多孔介质中纳米颗粒与发泡剂协同构建Pickering泡沫机制及其运移规律”(52074321)

Evaluation method and control countermeasures for inter-well steam channeling in multi-cycle steam huff and puff

WANG Bo¹, LI Deru¹, TANG Lei², LI Changhong¹, ZHAO Changxi¹, HAO Lina¹, QU Han³, DENG Haokun¹

1. Sinopec Henan Oilfield Company, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China;
2. Oilfield Exploration and Development Division of China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (Sinopec Corp.), Beijing 100020, China;
3. King Mongkut′s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10700, Thailand

Received:2025-04-21 Revised:2025-06-26 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 稠油油藏注蒸汽开发过程中存在蒸汽窜流现象,严重影响注蒸汽开发的效果。然而,目前对高周期蒸汽吞吐后井间汽窜通道的描述与汽窜程度的评价均无量化指标,造成现场汽窜治理措施方案的设计缺乏针对性与适应性。针对该问题,利用物理模拟方法研究了稠油蒸汽吞吐开发过程中汽窜通道形成的原因与机制,通过可视化实验得到了汽窜通道宏观及微观形态,建立了一套蒸汽吞吐井间窜流通道的定量计算理论模型及汽窜程度评价方法。在此基础上,针对河南油田井楼一区北部楼1917井区油藏物性与汽窜现状进行了汽窜通道的参数计算,进一步开展了汽窜治理措施优化。研究表明:井间汽窜发生后,窜流通道占据主流通道,平面波及范围整体呈“楔状”分布,平面波及系数约为43.16%,汽窜通道迂曲率约为1.2,总数量约为4~5条,渗透率增幅平均为3~5倍,平均直径约为368 μm,汽窜通道体积约占波及体积的8.5%。2020年至今,现场实施汽窜治理技术220井次,累计产油3.14×10⁴ t,累计增油5 327 t,阶段油汽比为0.27,提高采收率3.5个百分点,产出投入比达1.9∶1.0。该技术得到规模推广应用,并取得了较好的开发效果和经济效益,为稠油油藏效益开发提供了理论支撑。

关键词: 稠油油藏, 蒸汽吞吐, 汽窜通道, 定量描述, 治理措施

Abstract: Steam channeling occurs during steam injection development of heavy oil reservoirs, severely impacting the effectiveness of steam injection development. However, there are currently no quantitative indicators for describing inter-well steam channeling pathways after multi-cycle steam huff and puff or for evaluating the degree of channeling, resulting in non-targeted and non-adaptive designs for on-site steam channeling control measures. To address this problem, physical simulation methods were used to study the causes and mechanisms of steam channeling pathway formation during heavy oil steam huff and puff development. The macro and micro morphology of steam channeling pathways were obtained through visualization experiments. A set of quantitative calculation theoretical models for inter-well channeling pathways in steam huff and puff and a method for evaluating the degree of steam channeling were established. Based on this, parameter calculations for steam channeling pathways were performed considering the reservoir properties and current steam channeling status in the Lou 1917 well block, northern area of Jinglou Block 1, Henan Oilfield. Further optimization of steam channeling control measures was conducted. The study results show that the channeling pathways dominate the main flow paths after inter-well steam channeling occurs. The areal sweep coverage overall exhibits a "wedge-shaped" distribution, with an areal sweep efficiency of approximately 43.16%. The steam channeling pathways show a tortuosity of about 1.2, with a total number of approximately 4-5. The permeability increase averages 3-5 times, the average diameter is about 368 μm, and the volume of steam channeling pathways accounts for about 8.5% of the swept volume. Since 2020, On-site implementation of steam channeling control technology reached 220 well-times. Cumulative oil production was 3.14×10⁴ t, with a cumulative incremental oil of 5 327 t. The stage oil-steam ratio was 0.27, the recovery factor increased by 3.5 percentage points, and the output-input ratio reached 1.9∶1.0. this technology has been scaled up for application, achieving good development results and economic benefits, providing theoretical and technical support for the profitable development of heavy oil reservoirs.

Key words: heavy oil reservoir, steam huff and puff, steam channeling pathway, quantitative description, control measures

中图分类号:

TE345

王泊, 李德儒, 唐磊, 李长宏, 赵长喜, 郝丽娜, 曲涵, 邓浩坤. 多周期蒸汽吞吐井间汽窜评价方法及治理对策[J]. 特种油气藏, 2025, 32(4): 112-121.

WANG Bo, LI Deru, TANG Lei, LI Changhong, ZHAO Changxi, HAO Lina, QU Han, DENG Haokun. Evaluation method and control countermeasures for inter-well steam channeling in multi-cycle steam huff and puff[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2025, 32(4): 112-121.

参考文献

[1] 马瑞,王庆魁,季岭,等.深层低渗稠油油藏降黏剂驱剩余油分布规律及智能识别应用[J].科学技术与工程.2025,25(4):1412-1418.
MA Rui,WANG Qingkui,JI Ling,et al.Residual oil distribution pattern of viscosity-reducing flooding in heavy oil reservoirs with deep low permeability and application of intelligent identification[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2025,25(4):1412-1418.
[2] 邵国林.特稠油驱泄复合开发蒸汽腔扩展机制与注采经济技术界限[J].油气地质与采收率.2025,32(3):134-144.
SHAO Guolin.Expansion mechanism of steam chamber and technical-economic limits of injection-production for viscous oil development by drive-drainage compound method[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2025,32(3):134-144.
[3] 徐宏光,束青林,曹嫣镔,等.稠油油藏化学降黏驱全耦合数值模拟方法[J].科学技术与工程.2023,23(33):14201-14210.
XU Hongguang,SHU Qinglin,CAO Yanbin,et al.Full coupling numerical simulation of chemical viscosity reduction flooding in heavy oil reservoir[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2023,23(33):14201-14210.
[4] 周鹰.稠油重力泄水辅助蒸汽驱蒸汽超覆研究[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(4):99-102.
ZHOU Ying.Study on steam overlay in gravity drainage assisted steam flooding for heavy oil development[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(4):99-102.
[5] WAITE M W,SIGIT Rusdinadar,RUSDIBIYO A V,et al.Application of seismic monitoring to manage an early-stage steamflood[C].SPE37564-PA,1997:277-283.
[6] ABDUS S,PARRISH D R.A two-dimensional analysis of reservoir heating by steam injection[J].SPE Journal,1971,11(2):185-197.
[7] YORTSOS Y C.Distribution of fluid phases within the steam zone in steam-injection processes[J].SPE Journal,1984,24(4):458-466.
[8] JANKOVIC M S.Analytical model of steam zone propagation in porous media[J].Transport in Porous Media,1993,13(3):277-299.
[9] 郑家朋,东晓虎,刘慧卿,等.稠油油藏注蒸汽开发汽窜特征研究[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(6):72-75.
ZHENG Jiapeng,DONG Xiaohu,LIU Huiqing,et al.Study on steam channeling characteristics in steam injection development of heavy oil reservoirs[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(6):72-75.
[10] 吴克柳,李相方,全一平,等.稠油油藏蒸汽驱开发蒸汽突破预测模型[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(2):538-544.
WU Keliu,LI Xiangfang,QUAN Yiping,et al.Forecast model for steam breakthrough during steam drive exploration of inspissated pool[J].Systems Engineering - Theory & Practice,2014,34(2):538-544.
[11] HE Congge,XU Anzhu,FAN Zifei,et al.Advanced mathematical model for reservoir heat efficiency with liquid in steam-injection wellbore[J].Energy Sources,Part A:Recovery,Utilization,and Environmental Effects,2019,41(1):65-77.
[12] 顾启林,宋宏志,林涛,等.海上稠油热采井新型隔热油管扶正器的研制与应用[J].特种油气藏,2025,32(2):162-167.
GU Qilin,SONG Hongzhi,LIN Tao,et al.Development and application of a new type of insulated tubing centralizer for offshore heavy oil thermal production wells[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2025,32(2):162-167.
[13] 涂乙,戴建文,杨娇,等.南海东部典型稠油油藏沥青质沉积对开发效果的影响研究[J].油气地质与采收率.2025,32(3):145-153.
TU Yi,DAI Jianwen,YANG Jiao,et al.Impact study of asphaltene deposition on development performance in typical heavy oil reservoirs in eastern South China Sea[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2025,32(3):145-153.
[14] 李步林,张胜飞,王强,等.石油酸含量对稠油流体性质影响实验[J].特种油气藏,2024,31(1):116-122.
LI Bulin,ZHANG Shengfei,WANG Qiang,et al.Experimental study on influence of petroleum acid content on heavy oil fluid properties[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2024,31(1):116-122.
[15] 姚秀田,盖平原,张兆祥,等.稠油蒸汽驱见汽时间表征指标及预测方法[J].科学技术与工程.2025,25(8):3181-3189.
YAO Xiutian,GAI Pingyuan,ZHANG Zhaoxiang,et al.Characterization indicators and prediction methods of steam breakthrough time in heavy oil steam flooding[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2025,25(8):3181-3189.
[16] 夏鹏辉,吴景春,吴松艳,等.新型颗粒封堵剂及交替调剖的研究与应用[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2017,30(4):23-26,96.
XIA Penghui,WU Jingchun,WU Songyan,et al.Research and application of a new type of particle profile control agent and profile control[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2017,30(4):23-26,96.
[17] CHEN Yingjie,ZHOU Kang,AN Zhibin,et al.Phased optimization of multi-thermal fluid flooding for enhanced oil recovery[J].Geoenergy Science and Engineering,2025,244:213395.
[18] ZHAO Guang,DAI Caili,GU Chenglin,et al.Expandable graphite particles as a novel in-depth steam channeling control agent in heavy oil reservoirs[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2019,368:668-677.
[19] 朱明,姚凯,叶惠民,等.高温氮气泡沫调剖技术在Girasol油田的应用[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(2):137-139,158.
ZHU Ming,YAO Kai,YE Huimin,et al.Application of high temperature nitrogen foam profile control technology in Girasol Oilfield[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(2):137-139,158.
[20] 才力,刘庆旺,范振忠,等.稠油含油污泥凝固剂研制与性能评价[J].特种油气藏,2024,31(1):137-143.
CAI Li,LIU Qingwang,FAN Zhenzhong,et al.Development and performance evaluation of oily sludge coagulant for heavy oil production[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2024,31(1):137-143.
[21] 李兆敏,赵心茹,班晓春,等.水平井蒸汽吞吐注汽筛管位置调整时机优化研究[J].特种油气藏,2021,28(5):93-99.
LI Zhaomin,ZHAO Xinru,BAN Xiaochun,et al.Study on optimization of position adjustment occasion of steam injection screen pipe for steam stimulation in horizontal wells[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2021,28(5):93-99.
[22] 石楠.热采水平井均衡注汽机理研究与工艺优化[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2016.
SHI Nan.Research on balanced steam injection mechanism and process optimization for thermal recovery horizontal wells[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2016.

多周期蒸汽吞吐井间汽窜评价方法及治理对策

Evaluation method and control countermeasures for inter-well steam channeling in multi-cycle steam huff and puff

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	孙梓齐, 赵仁保, 王田田, 龙海庆, 黄田, 陈昌剑. 次生水体对火驱开发效果影响的实验[J]. 特种油气藏, 2024, 31(2): 120-128.
[2]	袁士宝, 任梓寒, 杨凤祥, 孙新革, 蒋海岩, 宋佳. 稠油油藏蒸汽-空气复合火驱特征分析及参数优化[J]. 特种油气藏, 2024, 31(1): 66-73.
[3]	唐晓东, 陈廷兵, 郭二鹏, 关文龙, 蒋有伟, 李晶晶. 超稠油原位催化改质提高采收率实验[J]. 特种油气藏, 2022, 29(1): 114-120.
[4]	李兆敏, 赵心茹, 班晓春, 鹿腾, 张丁涌, 张江, 石明明, 孙超. 水平井蒸汽吞吐注汽筛管位置调整时机优化研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2021, 28(5): 93-99.
[5]	高忠敏, 杨波, 陈伟东. 超稠油组合油嘴放喷装置的研究与应用[J]. 特种油气藏, 2021, 28(5): 168-174.
[6]	葛明曦. 边顶水超稠油油藏SAGD蒸汽腔描述及调控对策[J]. 特种油气藏, 2021, 28(4): 136-141.
[7]	李伟忠. 胜利油田稠油未动用储量评价及动用对策[J]. 特种油气藏, 2021, 28(2): 63-71.
[8]	杨智, 孟祥兵, 吴永彬, 赵慧龙, 罗池辉, 甘衫衫. 风城浅层超稠油油藏双水平井SAGD关键技术及发展方向[J]. 特种油气藏, 2021, 28(1): 92-97.
[9]	关文龙, 宫宇宁, 唐君实, 宋扬, 李秋. 多层油藏火驱开发模式探讨[J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(6): 60-66.
[10]	李小刚, 朱静怡, 杨兆中, 谢诗意, 贾敏. 低渗透稠油微波原位加热开采数值模拟研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(6): 120-126.
[11]	才业. 水淹稠油油藏火驱开发受效特征研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(5): 125-131.
[12]	杨兆臣, 于兵, 吴永彬, 王丽, 张家豪, 佟娟, 姜丹, 张崇刚. 超稠油溶剂辅助SAGD启动技术油藏适应性研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(4): 67-72.
[13]	霍进, 吕柏林, 杨兆臣, 卢迎波, 胡鹏程. 稠油油藏多元介质复合蒸汽吞吐驱油机理研究 [J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(2): 93-97.
[14]	杨光璐, 李迎环, 何慧卓 . 特稠油油藏多元热流体吞吐技术研究与应用 [J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(2): 103-107.
[15]	王泰超, 朱国金, 王凯, 谭先红, 郑伟 . 海上稠油油藏多元热流体吞吐后转火驱开发研究 [J]. 特种油气藏, 2019, 26(5): 100-105.