特种油气藏 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 1-9.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2023.02.001

• 综述 •    下一篇

碳捕集、利用与封存技术的现状及前景

张凯1, 陈掌星1,2, 兰海帆2, 马浩铭1, 姜亮亮1, 薛振乾1, 张育铭1, 程世轩1   

  1. 1.卡尔加里大学,阿尔伯达 卡尔加里 T2N 1N4, 加拿大;
    2.中国石油大学(北京),北京 102249
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-09 修回日期:2022-12-01 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-05-29
  • 通讯作者: 陈掌星(1962—),男,中国工程院外籍院士、加拿大工程院院士、加拿大科学院院士、欧盟科学院院士、加拿大卡尔加里大学国家讲席教授,1983年毕业于江西大学计算数学专业,1991年毕业于美国普渡大学应用及计算数学专业,获博士学位,现主要从事常规油气藏勘探开发,非常规油气藏勘探开发,油气藏数值模拟软件,大数据,人工智能及量子计算技术,虚拟现实及增强现实可视化技术,制氢关键技术,碳捕集、利用与封存方面的研究工作。
  • 作者简介:张凯(1991—),男,2012年毕业于中国石油大学(华东)石油工程专业,2017年毕业于加拿大卡尔加里大学石油工程专业,获博士学位,现为加拿大卡尔加里大学石油工程专业博士后,主要从事碳捕集利用与封存、非常规油气与新能源方面的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    加拿大卡尔加里大学与加拿大自然科学与工程基金会科研项目“碳捕集利用与封存”(IRCPJ 365863-17)

Status and Prospects of Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Technology

Zhang Kai1, Chen Zhangxing1,2, Lan Haifan2, Ma Haoming1, Jiang Liangliang1, XueZhenqian1, Zhang Yuming1, Cheng Shixuan1   

  1. 1. University of Calgary, Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada;
    2. China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
  • Received:2022-09-09 Revised:2022-12-01 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-05-29

摘要: 碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)是一种有效的碳处理技术。在碳中和背景下,中国CCUS技术将迎来万亿级产业风口。目前,CCUS技术各环节均取得了显著进展,但大规模应用仍面临诸多挑战。通过调研国内外CCUS技术文献以及全球正在运行和计划建设的CCUS项目,总结了国内外CCUS技术的发展现状和研究进展,进一步明确CCUS面临的挑战及未来发展前景。研究表明:目前碳捕集效率不足90%,碳捕集成本占CCUS项目总成本的60%~85%,碳捕集技术的研发重点应以燃烧前捕集(如乙醇、合成氨和天然气加工等行业)以及燃烧后捕集等以提高碳捕集效率、降低碳捕集成本为主;CO2利用技术目前处于工业示范阶段,突破高温、高压环境瓶颈,寻找合适的催化剂提高碳利用效率是CO2利用技术下一阶段的重点研究方向;CO2在油气田和咸水层封存应围绕CO2驱提高油气采收率和增加CO2封存潜力开展进一步研究;CCUS项目需要克服实现经济盈利、技术创新、降本增效、政策补贴激励等挑战;CCUS耦合氢能、油气田地热能等新能源将成为未来CCUS推广的新模式。该研究对于准确把握CCUS技术研究方向,推动CCUS技术进步与创新,加速CCUS跨越式发展具有借鉴意义。

关键词: 碳捕集、利用与封存, 碳捕集效率, CO2提高油气采收率, CCUS耦合氢能, CCUS耦合油气田地热

Abstract: Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is an effective carbon treatment technology. In the context of carbon neutrality, the CCUS technology in China will usher in a trillion-dollar industrial trend. At present, a significant progress has been made in all aspects of CCUS technology, but large-scale applications still face many challenges. By investigating the domestic and international CCUS technology literature and the CCUS projects in operation and planned to be built worldwide, the current development status and research progress of CCUS technology at home and abroad are summarized, and the challenges and future development prospects of CCUS are further clarified. The study shows that the current carbon capture efficiency is less than 90%, and the cost of carbon capture accounts for 60%-85% of the total cost of CCUS projects. The research and development of carbon capture technology should focus on pre-combustion capture (such as ethanol, ammonia and natural gas processing industries) and post-combustion capture to improve carbon capture efficiency and reduce carbon capture costs; the CO2 utilization technology is currently at the industrial demonstration stage, and breaking the high-temperature and high-pressure environmental bottleneck and finding suitable catalysts to improve carbon utilization efficiency are the key research directions for the next stage of CO2 utilization technology; the CO2 storage in oil and gas fields and saline aquifer shall be further researched and promoted on a large scale in terms of an improvement of CO2 enhanced oil and gas recovery and an increase of CO2 storage potential; In CCUS projects, challenges such as achieving economic profitability, technological innovation, cost reduction and efficiency, and policy subsidy incentives need to be overcome; new energy sources coupled with CCUS, such as hydrogen and geothermal energy from oil and gas fields, will become a new model for CCUS promotion in the future. This study has implications for accurately grasping the research direction of CCUS technology, promoting the progress and innovation of CCUS technology, and accelerating the leapfrog development of CCUS technology.

Key words: carbon capture, utilization and storage, carbon capture efficiency, CO2 enhanced oil and gas recovery, hydrogen energy coupled with CCUS, geothermal energy from oil and gas fields coupled with CCUS

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