厚层海相砂岩底水油藏水侵开发可视化实验

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.06.015

特种油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 124-132.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2025.06.015

厚层海相砂岩底水油藏水侵开发可视化实验

代玲¹, 刘成林¹, 赵玉龙², 孙常伟¹, 谷悦¹, 汤小龙¹, 周翔², 谢龙淦²

1.中海石油中国有限公司深圳分公司,广东深圳 518000;
2.西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室,四川成都 610500

收稿日期:2024-03-27 修回日期:2025-07-29 出版日期:2025-12-25 发布日期:2025-12-31
通讯作者: 周翔(1986—),男,副教授,2009年毕业于长江大学石油工程专业,2019年毕业于加拿大里贾纳大学石油系统工程专业,获博士学位,现从事非常规油气田提高采收率工作。
作者简介:代玲(1972—),女,高级工程师,1994年毕业于西南石油学院油藏工程专业,1997年毕业于该校油气田开发工程专业,获硕士学位,现从事油田开发地质油藏方案编制、油田动态分析等工作。
基金资助:
中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司科技项目“LH高倾角海相砂岩油藏稳产策略研究”(SCKY-2022-SZ-18)

Visualization experiment of water invasion development in thick-layer marine sandstone reservoir with bottom water

DAI Ling¹, LIU Chenglin¹, ZHAO Yulong², SUN Changwei¹, GU Yue¹, TANG Xiaolong¹, ZHOU Xiang², XIE Longgan²

1. China National Offshore Oil China Co.,Ltd,Shenzhen Company,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China

Received:2024-03-27 Revised:2025-07-29 Online:2025-12-25 Published:2025-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对厚层海相砂岩底水油藏水侵开发过程中隔夹层导致的水侵流线认识不清、剩余油分布规律不明的问题,开展二维可视化油藏注水驱替实验,从微观流线演化、宏观开发效果及剩余油空间分布等方面,探讨隔夹层、井型等对底水油藏水侵开发的影响。结果表明:底水水侵开发油藏中的隔夹层能在一定程度上延缓水体的锥进,延长无水采油期,无水采油期采出程度达到30.00%以上;“次生边水”及重力分异作用是隔夹层上部原油开采的主要机理,“剥蚀”作用是隔夹层下部原油产出的主要作用机理;在复合隔夹层分布模式下,合理部署井位可使驱油效率由65.51%提高至71.42%,波及效率由80.10%提高至95.23%,有效提升开发效果。研究成果有助于厘清厚层海相砂岩底水油藏水侵开发特征及剩余油空间分布规律,对南海东部海域海相砂岩底水油藏高效开发具有指导意义。

关键词: 底水油藏, 水侵开发, 隔夹层展布, 剩余油分布, 可视化

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of unclear understanding of water invasion streamlines and remaining oil distribution patterns caused by interlayers during the water invasion development of thick layer marine sandstone reservoirs with bottom water,two dimensional visual reservoir waterflooding experiments were conducted to explore the effects of interlayers and well patterns on the water invasion development of reservoirs with bottom water from the aspects of microscopic streamline evolution,macroscopic development performance and spatial distribution of remaining oil.The results indicate that interlayers in bottom water invasion development reservoirs can delay water coning to some extent and extend the water-free oil production period,with the recovery degree during the water-free oil production period reaching over 30.00%;"secondary edge water" and gravitational differentiation are the main mechanisms for oil production in the upper part of interlayers,while "erosion" is the main mechanism for oil production in the lower part of interlayers;under the composite interlayer distribution mode,reasonable well placement can increase the oil displacement efficiency from 65.51% to 71.42% and the sweep efficiency from 80.10% to 95.23%,effectively improving development performance.The research findings contribute to clarifying the water invasion development characteristics and the spatial distribution patterns of remaining oil in thick layer marine sandstone reservoirs with bottom water,providing guidance for the efficient development of such reservoirs in the eastern South China Sea.

Key words: reservoir with bottom water, water invasion development, interlayer distribution, remaining oil distribution, visualization

中图分类号:

TE135

代玲, 刘成林, 赵玉龙, 孙常伟, 谷悦, 汤小龙, 周翔, 谢龙淦. 厚层海相砂岩底水油藏水侵开发可视化实验[J]. 特种油气藏, 2025, 32(6): 124-132.

DAI Ling, LIU Chenglin, ZHAO Yulong, SUN Changwei, GU Yue, TANG Xiaolong, ZHOU Xiang, XIE Longgan. Visualization experiment of water invasion development in thick-layer marine sandstone reservoir with bottom water[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2025, 32(6): 124-132.

参考文献

[1] 钱兴坤,陆如泉,罗良才,等.2023年国内外油气行业发展及2024年展望[J].国际石油经济,2024,32(2):1-13.
QIAN Xingkun,LU Ruquan,LUO Liangcai,et al.Global oil and gas industry in 2023 and outlook for 2024[J].International Petroleum Economics,2024,32(2):1-13.
[2] 刘晓涵.中国南海常规油气资源潜力综合评价[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2021.
LIU Xiaohan.Comprehensive evaluation of conventional oil and gas resource potential in the South China Sea[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2021.
[3] ZHAO B,ZHANG G Q,TANG M R,et al.Mechanism of the effect of long-term water injection on mechanical properties of tight sandstone[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2019(9):3344-3350.
[4] LEI Xiao,ZHAO Chunpeng,ZHANG Qiaoliang,et al.Effect of high-multiple water injection on rock pore structure and oil displacement efficiency[J].Energy Geoscience,2024,5(1):100137.
[5] 朱文森,陈丹磬,李金宜,等.渤海海域Z油田水驱后储层变化规律实验研究[J].石油地质与工程,2017,31(6):86-90.
ZHU Wensen,CHEN Danqing,LI Jinyi,et al.Experimental study on reservoir variation patterns after water flooding in Z Oilfield,Bohai Sea[J].Petroleum Geology & Engineering,2017,31(6):86-90.
[6] 刘超,张雪芳,田博,等.渤海海域Z油田水驱开发储层物性变化规律[J].海洋地质前沿,2021,37(1):61-67.
LIU Chao,ZHANG Xuefang,TIAN Bo,et al.Research on reservoir physical properties changes during water flooding:a case from Z Oilfield in Bohai Sea[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2021,37(1):61-67.
[7] 武娟,罗仁泽,雷璨如,等.基于大语言模型的致密砂岩储层测井含水饱和度预测[J].天然气工业,2024,44(9):77-87.
WU Juan,LUO Renze,LEI Canru,et al.Prediction of water saturation in tight sandstone reservoirs from well log data based on the large language models (LLMs)[J].Natural Gas Industry,2024,44(9):77-87.
[8] 吴雅丽,王成胜,阚亮,等.用核磁共振技术研究高倍数水驱特征[J].石油化工应用,2019,38(12):15-19,35.
WU Yali,WANG Chengsheng,KAN Liang,et al.Study on the characteristics of high multiple water drive by NMR[J].Petrochemical Industry Application,2019,38(12):15-19,35.
[9] CAO Renyi,DAI Zong,WANG Zhikai,et al.Displacement behavior and mechanism of long-term water flooding in sandstone oil reservoirs[J].Journal of Central South University,2021,28(3):834-847.
[10] ZHONG Xinyu,ZHU Yushuang,JIAO Tao,et al.Microscopic pore throat structures and water flooding in heterogeneous low-permeability sandstone reservoirs:a case study of the Jurassic Yan′an Formation in the Huanjiang Area,Ordos Basin,northern China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2021,219:104903.
[11] TONG Qiang,HE Dongbo,XIA Zhaohui,et al.Influence of reservoir pore-throat structure heterogeneity on water-flooding seepage:a case study of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Minerals(Basel),2022,12(10):1243.
[12] 王祚琛,刘慧卿,孙治国,等.多层合采油藏层间非均质性表征研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2024,31(3):42-53.
WANG Zuochen,LIU Huiqing,SUN Zhiguo,et al.Study on characterization of interlayer heterogeneity in commingling production reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2024,31(3):42-53.
[13] 黄迎松.特高含水阶段油藏水驱规律研究[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(1):95-99.
HUANG Yingsong.Waterflooding performance of oil reservoir in ultra-high water-cut stage[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(1):95-99.
[14] 任超群,罗佼,李文红,等.底水油藏水平井见水机理的物理和数值模拟研究[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2021,23(3):1-5.
REN Chaoqun,LUO Jiao,LI Wenhong,et al.Physical and numerical simulation research for water breakthrough mechanism of horizontal well in bottom water reservoir[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology(Natural Sciences Edition),2021,23(3):1-5.
[15] 王加一,王龙川,吴冬旭,等.海相砂岩油藏水平井常见水淹模式探讨[J].石化技术,2018,25(10):113.
WANG Jiayi,WANG Longchuan,WU Dongxu,et al.Discussion on the familiar flooding pattern of horizontal wells in marine sandstone reservoir[J].Petrochemical Industry Technology,2018,25(10):113.
[16] 曹小朋,于春磊,赵文景,等.含部分封闭断层油藏水驱优势渗流通道演化规律[J].油气地质与采收率,2024,31(1):78-86.
CAO Xiaopeng,YU Chunlei,ZHAO Wenjing,et al.Evolution law of dominant flow channel of water flooding in partially enclosed fault reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2024,31(1):78-86.
[17] 董利飞,何建华,金崯.岩石颗粒非均质性对水驱开发效果的影响[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(1):73-77.
DONG Lifei,HE Jianhua,JIN Yin.Effect of rock particle heterogeneity on waterflooding performance[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(1):73-77.
[18] 阳晓燕.非均质油藏水驱开发效果研究[J].特种油气藏,2019,26(2):152-156.
YANG Xiaoyan.Waterflood development effect study of heterogeneous reservoir[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2019,26(2):152-156.
[19] 秦国省,王友净,吕洲,等.海相碎屑岩油藏白云化隔夹层识别、形成机理及展布特征[J].油气地质与采收率,2023,30(3):1-10.
QIN Guosheng,WANG Youjing,LYU Zhou,et al.Identification,formation mechanism and distribution characteristics of dolomitic barriers and baffles in marine clastic reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2023,30(3):1-10.
[20] 孔祥言,陈峰磊,裴柏林.水驱油物理模拟理论和相似准则[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(6):56-60,117.
KONG Xiangyan,CHEN Fenglei,PEI Bolin.Simulation theory,similar rule and data conversion software for water drive modeling[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1997,24(6):56-60,117.
[21] 刘艳琴.多层油藏水驱物理模拟相似性研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2015.
LIU Yanqin.Study on similarity of water drive physical simulation in multi-layer reservoirs[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum(East China),2015.
[22] 肖志朋,刘诗琪,李艳明,等.丘陵油田水驱后注气混相驱可行性实验[J].油气地质与采收率,2023,30(2):68-76.
XIAO Zhipeng,LIU Shiqi,LI Yanming,et al.Experimental study on feasibility of gas-injection miscible flooding after water flooding of Qiuling Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2023,30(2):68-76.
[23] 吴宽宽,冯其红,张先敏,等.多层水驱油藏均衡驱替注采参数协同优化方法[J].油气地质与采收率,2023,30(5):67-75.
WU Kuankuan,FENG Qihong,ZHANG Xianmin,et al.Collaborative optimization method of injection and production parameters for multi-layer reservoirs based on balanced water flooding[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2023,30(5):67-75.
[24] 戴建文,李伟,徐伟,等.海相砂岩油藏水驱动态规律及主控因素[J].中外能源,2021,26(5):33-37.
DAI Jianwen,LI Wei,XU Wei,et al.Water drive performance and main controlling factors of marine sandstone reservoir[J].Sino-Global Energy,2021,26(5):33-37.

厚层海相砂岩底水油藏水侵开发可视化实验

Visualization experiment of water invasion development in thick-layer marine sandstone reservoir with bottom water

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	章杨, 王晓燕, 王海峰, 张祖峰, 张楠, 鲍磊, 庞占喜. 稠油油藏注CO₂+降黏剂过程中流体赋存特征及协同增效机理研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2025, 32(6): 116-123.
[2]	胡义升, 陈继宏, 成秋荣, 蒲磊, 郭平. 低渗透油藏CO₂驱高温高压微观可视化实验[J]. 特种油气藏, 2025, 32(5): 137-145.
[3]	崔春雪, 刘曰武, 丁玖阁, 张国青, 任仰奇, 杨晓峰. 底水油藏鱼骨分支井见水动态特征[J]. 特种油气藏, 2025, 32(2): 66-72.
[4]	刘晓丽, 李阳, 白雷, 吴丛文, 王红波, 马挺, 姜振学, 万云洋. 薄层砂岩边底水油藏空气辅助内源微生物驱油技术[J]. 特种油气藏, 2024, 31(2): 103-111.
[5]	郭晶晶, 王帝贺, 王攀荣, 熊润福, 王海涛, 王思博. 基于数字岩心的低渗储层孔隙结构及水驱剩余油分布特征[J]. 特种油气藏, 2023, 30(2): 101-108.
[6]	夏惠芬, 王立辉, 韩培慧, 曹瑞波, 刘丽丽, 张思琪. 薄膜状剩余油动用条件研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2021, 28(3): 106-111.
[7]	李晓光, 户昶昊, 闵忠顺, 盛聪, 刘洁, 李滨. 双6储气库运行综合评价及扩容潜力研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(6): 114-119.
[8]	杨勇, 谢日彬, 闫正和, 孙常伟, 李小东. 双重介质复合数值试井技术在裂缝性礁灰岩底水油藏中的应用[J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(5): 100-105.
[9]	王海栋, 刘义坤, 孟文波, 张崇. 水平井环空预设多级井底控锥增油实验[J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(5): 145-150.
[10]	章威, 龙明, 周焱斌, 张吉磊, 欧阳雨薇. 无夹层底水油藏注水开发图版建立与应用 [J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(2): 115-119.
[11]	郭小哲, 田凯, 庞占喜, 高旺来, 李贤. 深层稠油油藏减氧空气吞吐增油机理及地质因素影响分析 [J]. 特种油气藏, 2019, 26(6): 58-62.
[12]	王泊. 不连续隔夹层底水油藏水平井水淹特征及氮气抑水机理 [J]. 特种油气藏, 2019, 26(6): 135-140.
[13]	吕金龙，卢祥国，王威，谢坤，胡勇. 致密砂岩孔隙中气水分布规律可视化实验[J]. 特种油气藏, 2019, 26(4): 136-.
[14]	武群虎，高喜龙，杨启浩，李琳艳，刘少斌. 埕岛油田东南部馆上段河道砂体储层预测技术[J]. 特种油气藏, 2019, 26(1): 45-.
[15]	李红英，王欣然，陈善斌，刘喜林，张倩萍. 层内夹层对海上聚合物驱油田剩余油分布影响[J]. 特种油气藏, 2018, 25(5): 135-.