浅层高凝油蒸汽吞吐及蒸汽驱-吞吐引效协同开发可行性与关键技术

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2026.02.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对浅层高凝油地层温度低、地层压力低导致开发及稳产难度增加的问题,利用一维/二维比例物理模拟实验装置对注水、蒸汽吞吐和蒸汽驱-吞吐引效3种开发方式进行对比研究,验证蒸汽吞吐及蒸汽驱-吞吐引效开发的可行性,明确最优开发方式。结果表明:注水开发方式存在采出效率低、水窜风险突出、原油性质劣化等核心问题;蒸汽吞吐可有效扩大地层加热半径,阶段驱油效率达 40% 以上,采出程度超 25%;蒸汽驱+吞吐引效开发模式,最终采出程度可突破50%,且产出原油性质保持稳定。开发过程中需同步保障地层热量供给与能量补充,确保地层温度场始终高于原油析蜡温度。该研究成果不仅填补了浅层高凝油专项开发研究的空白,更为同类油藏高效开发提供可靠的实验依据与关键技术支撑。

关键词: 浅层高凝油, 蒸汽吞吐, 注水冷伤害, 物理模拟, 析蜡温度, 采出程度

Abstract: In response to the increased difficulty in development and production stabilization caused by low formation temperature and low formation pressure in shallow-layer high pour-point oil reservoirs,a comparative study was conducted using one-dimensional and two-dimensional scaled physical simulation apparatuses to evaluate three development methods:water flooding,cyclic steam stimulation,and steam flooding assisted by cyclic steam stimulation.The feasibility of cyclic steam stimulation and steam flooding assisted by cyclic steam stimulation was verified,and the optimal development mode was determined.The results show that water flooding exhibits critical deficiencies,including low recovery efficiency,pronounced risk of water channeling,and deterioration of crude oil properties.Cyclic steam stimulation effectively enlarges the reservoir heating radius,achieving a stage oil displacement efficiency exceeding 40% and a recovery factor greater than 25%.Under the steam flooding plus cyclic steam stimulation assisted development mode,the ultimate recovery factor can exceed 50%,while the produced crude oil properties remain stable.During the development process,it is necessary to simultaneously ensure adequate heat supply and energy replenishment to maintain the formation temperature consistently above the wax appearance temperature of the crude oil.This study not only fills a gap in dedicated research on the development of shallow-layer high pour-point oil reservoirs,but also provides reliable experimental evidence and key technical support for the efficient development of similar reservoirs.

Key words: shallow-layer high pour-point oil, steam huff and puff, cold damage induced by water injection, physical simulation, wax appearance temperature, recovery degree

中图分类号:

TE39

王国栋, 杨兴超, 冯天, 李鑫, 贾大雷. 浅层高凝油蒸汽吞吐及蒸汽驱-吞吐引效协同开发可行性与关键技术[J]. 特种油气藏, 2026, 33(2): 64-71.

WANG Guodong, YANG Xingchao, FENG Tian, LI Xin, JIA Dalei. Feasibility and key technologies for synergistic development of steam huff-and-puff and steam flooding in shallow-layer high pour-point oil reservoirs[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2026, 33(2): 64-71.

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